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Yellow-casqued Hornbill The Yellow-casqued Hornbill (Ceratogymna elata) is found in the primeval rain forest of coastal regions of West Africa, for example in Cte d'Ivoire. It is alternatively classed as Bycanistes elata. Yellow-casqued Hornbills are one of the largest birds of the forest, with adults weighing up to 2 kg. They live mainly in the forest canopy, feeding on the ground only rarely. They live in small family groups containing at least one adult male and female, with one or two immature birds, though they sometimes gather in larger flocks to exploit a major food supply such as an ant or termite nest. The birds are occasionally preyed upon by Crowned Eagles, and they respond to the presence of an eagle (sometimes indicated by its characteristic shriek) by mobbing, i.e. approaching it and emitting calls. Since the eagles depend on surprise to make a catch, this frequently causes them to leave the area. Recent research (Rainey et al, 2004) has shown that the birds respond in the same way to the alarm calls that Diana Monkeys, which live in the same areas, emit if they notice an eagle, and furthermore that they are able to distinguish the calls made by the monkeys to the presence of eagles from those they make in the presence of leopards, which prey on the monkeys but not on the hornbills. References - Rainey, H. J., Zuberbhler, K., & Slater, P. J. B. (2004). Hornbills can distinguish between primate alarm calls. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B, 271, 755-759.
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