Other Definitions
viper (dict)

Viper

Adenorhinos
Atheris
Azemiops
Bitis
Cerastes
Daboia
Echis
Eristicophis
Macrovipera
Montatheris
Proatheris
Pseudocerastes
Vipera
This page is about Viper snakes. For other uses see Viper (disambiguation).
Vipers are venomous snakes belonging to the Viperidae family (consisting of roughly 150 species). They are characterised by long erectile fangs, which are folded back when not in use. They also have triangle-shaped heads with a distinctly narrower neck. The broad areas of the head house the venom glands. Their eyes have irises like those of a cat. Being 0.3–3 m long, vipers feed on small animals, which are injected with venom and then followed until they die.
gcolor="#f0f0f0"|Scientific name bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Geographic range
a href="/encyclopedia/Bush-Viper" title="Bush Viper">Bush Viper Atheris squamiger Angola, Cameroon, Uganda, Kenya
a href="/encyclopedia/Carpet-Viper" title="Carpet Viper">Carpet Viper Echis coloratus Africa, Asia
a href="/encyclopedia/Cyclades-Blunt-Nosed-Viper" title="Cyclades Blunt-Nosed Viper">Cyclades Blunt-Nosed Viper Vipera lebetina schweizeri Greece
a href="/encyclopedia/Crossed-Viper" title="Crossed Viper">Crossed Viper Vipera berus berus British Isles, Europe, Russia, China, Spain
a href="/encyclopedia/European-Asp" title="European Asp">European Asp Vipera aspis aspis Austria, Germany, Italy, France
a href="/encyclopedia/Fea's-Viper" title="Fea's Viper">Fea's Viper Azemiops feae Burma, SE Tibet, China
a href="/encyclopedia/Gaboon-Viper" title="Gaboon Viper">Gaboon Viper Bitis gabonica Equatorial Africa
a href="/encyclopedia/Horned-Desert-Viper" title="Horned Desert Viper">Horned Desert Viper Cerastes cerastes cerastes Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq
a href="/encyclopedia/Leaf-Nosed-Viper" title="Leaf-Nosed Viper">Leaf-Nosed Viper Eristocophis macmaboni Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan
a href="/encyclopedia/Long-Nosed-Viper" title="Long-Nosed Viper">Long-Nosed Viper Vipera ammodytes ammodytes Hungary, Austria, Italy, Romania, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia
a href="/encyclopedia/Palestinian-Viper" title="Palestinian Viper">Palestinian Viper Vipera palaestinae Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan
a href="/encyclopedia/Rhinoceros-Viper" title="Rhinoceros Viper">Rhinoceros Viper Bitis nasicornis Kenya, Uganda, Angola, Zaire
a href="/encyclopedia/Rough-Scaled-Tree-Viper" title="Rough-Scaled Tree Viper">Rough-Scaled Tree Viper Atheris bispidus Kenya, Uganda, Zaire
a href="/encyclopedia/Russell's-Viper" title="Russell's Viper">Russell's Viper Vipera russelli Pakistan, India
a href="/encyclopedia/Saw-scaled-Viper" title="Saw-scaled Viper">Saw-scaled Viper Echis carinatus leakeyi Kenya, Somalia, Ethiopia

Closely related groups

  • Adder
  • Pit Vipers may be treated as a subfamily (Crotalinae) of the viper family Viperidae (with "true vipers" or pitless vipers in the subfamily Viperinae), or as a family of their own, Crotalidae.
  • Saharan Horned Viper

References

  • Mehrtens, John M. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishing, 1987. ISBN 080696460X.

 

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