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Value NetworkValue networks (value webs), are the human and technical resources in a business that work together to form relationships and add value to a product or service. Included in a companys value network are research, development, design, production, marketing, sales, and distribution. These components work interchangeably to add to the overall worth of a product or service. Value is created from the relationship between the company, its customers, intermediaries, complementors and suppliers (1). Two types of values that are added to a value network are tangible and intangible value exchanges: Tangible value: All exchanges of goods, services or revenue, including all transactions involving contracts, invoices, return receipt of orders, request for proposals, confirmations and payment are considered to be tangible value. Products or services that generate revenue or are expected as part of a service are also included in the tangible value flow of goods, services, and revenue (2). Intangible value: Two primary subcategories are included in intangible value: knowledge and benefits. Intangible knowledge exchanges include strategic information, planning knowledge, process knowledge, technical know-how, collaborative design and policy development; which support the product and service tangible value chain. Intangible benefits are also considered favors that can be offered from one person to another. Examples include offering political or emotional support to someone. Another example of intangible value is when a research organization asks someone to volunteer their time and expertise to a project in exchange for the intangible benefit of prestige by affiliation (3). Value networks have replaced the traditional value chain. Historically we have been in an industrial age, focused on a linier value model, and have recently begun to switch to a new business style in which there are a web of different resources that work together to create value. Often value networks are considered to consist of groups of companies working together to produce and transport a product to the customer. Relationships among customers of a single company are examples of how value networks can be found in any organization. Companies can link their customers together by direct methods like the telephone or indirect methods like combining customers resources together (4). The purpose of value networks is to create the most benefit for the people involved in the network (5). The intangible value of knowledge within these networks is just as important as a monetary value. In order to succeed knowledge must be shared to create the best situations or opportunities. Value networks are how ideas flow into the market and to the people that need to hear them (6). Reference (1) Haag, Stephen.Management Information Systems.Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2004.194 (2) http://www.vernaallee.com/library%20articles/Understanding%20Value%20Networks.html) (3) http://www.vernaallee.com/library%20articles/Understanding%20Value%20Networks.html) (4) http://www.cscresearchservices.com/foundation/library/value/RP04.asp (5) http://www.vernaallee.com/library%20articles/Understanding%20Value%20Networks.html) (6) www.sei.cmu.edu External links - http://www.vernaallee.com/library%20articles/Understanding%20Value%20Networks.html)
- http://www.vernaallee.com/library%20articles/Understanding%20Value%20Networks.html)
- http://www.cscresearchservices.com/foundation/library/value/RP04.asp
- http://www.vernaallee.com/library%20articles/Understanding%20Value%20Networks.html)
- www.sei.cmu.edu
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