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Two-in, Two-outIn firefighting, the policy of two-in, two-out refers to the fact that firefighters never go into a dangerous situation in a fire or rescue incident alone. There should always be (at least) two firefighters together when they enter a location and one of them cannot come out of the situation or building unless both do. The policy also refers to a safety system put into place in order to protect firefighters, where two or more firefighters enter a building and at least four more remain outside to help in case of emergency. Firefighters will enter a building in teams to extinguish the fire and/or make a rescue. When a team enters the building (the "two in"), two more firefighters (the "two out") will be standing by at the entrance in full personal protective equipment (to include bunker gear and SCBA), and ready with rescue tools, in order to rapidly enter the building if the team inside becomes endangered. The rule requires at least two more firefighters to remain outside, even when the standby team has gone in to find and rescue the first team, although the rule does not prohibit attempting an emergency rescue with fewer personnel on hand. Where there are teams working inside multiple entrances of a large structure fire, there may be standby teams designated at each entry point, although the rule does not necessarily mean two firefighters ready outside for every two inside. Note that these rules also apply to all training with live fires inside structures, and are even more important when inexperienced trainees are inside. The two firefighters who are specifically designated as standing by outside are referred to in different ways by many localities. Some are referred to as a rapid entry team (R.E.T.), or "rapid intervention team", while others are referred to as a F.A.S.T. Truck (as in the Fire Department of New York), meaning "firefighter assist search team". Other tactics work within the rule to "stage" the next team, ready to relieve the inside team when their air supplies run low. When the third team arrives to serve as the RET, the second team enters, follows the hose line to the first team and relieves them. This is naturally smoother with good radio communications between officers. Application in France Until 1999, the firefighting was performed according the "Rules of instruction and maneuvers" (Rglement d'instructions et de manoeuvres, RIM). The firefighters acted in teams of three members, called "trinom" (trinme): one chief, one deputy chief and one support; a fire engine with eight people thus had two trinom, an engine chief (chef d'agrs) and a driver. In the 1990s, the Paris Fire Brigade started to work with teams of two people, called "binoms" (binmes). This organisation was generalised to the whole France in a departmental order signed by the minister of Internal Affairs the 3 february 1999. An engine with eight people now has three binoms, an engine chief and a driver; an engine with six people has two binoms, an engine chief and a driver. A binom can be assigned two types of missions: - attack mission (binme d'attaque, BAT);
- water supply mission (binme d'alimentation, BAL).
The mission can change during an intervention, i.e. an attack binom can become a supply binom or vice versa. The "usual" intervention (simple fire with only one fire engine and six people, no casualty) thus involves two binoms. - The engine chief makes a reconnaissance with an attack binom. The other binom stands by outside, ready to help the reconnaissance team.
- The attack binom unroll the fire hoses at the "attack point" defined by the engine chief and prepare to go to the target also defined by the engine chief. The supply binom joins the attack point to the fire engine with hoses.
- The attack binom starts the firefighting. The supply binom joins the fire engine to the hydrant.
- The supply binom stands by, ready to help the attack binom.
The overall organisation is the same when more engines are involved. - See also
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- Sapeur-pompier
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