Timeline Of Trends In Music (1930-1939)

1930 in music

• Music of the Bahamas
• A sponge disease decimates the sponge fishing industry in the Bahamas, beginning the decline of ant'ems, a type of work song
• Music of Cuba
• The rumba's popularity begins to spread in Cuba and abroad, while Arsenio Rodriguez develops the conjunto band, using the septeto as a basis and Don Aspiazu's Havana Orchestra brings "El Manicero" to the US, where it becomes a major hit; these changes signal the roots of salsa
• The orquestra tipica dies out
• Music of the Dominican Republic
• Dominican Rafael Trujillo uses several merengue bands for his presidential campaign, which brings the sound to new areas and inspires merengue radio stations to begin broadcasting
• Music of Indonesia
• The developing film industry incorporates kroncong, helping to popularize it
• Music of Mexico
• The Golden Age of Corridos ends, while the accordion begins to become standard due to its use by Narciso Martínez and Santiago Jimenez
• Music of Norway
• Composers like David Monrad Johansen, Geirr Tveitt, Bjarne Brustad, Eivind Groven, Klaus Egge, Ludvig Irgens Jensen, Harald Sverud begin to develop a nationalist form of Norwegian classical music
• Music of the United States
• Led by musicians like Sol Hoopii, Hawaiian steel guitar folk music's popularity in the United States becomes widespread, influencing country music, the country blues and other genres

1931 in music

• International trends
• EMI opens Abbey Road Studios, the world's largest recording studio
• Adolph Rickenbacker invents the electric guitar
• Music of India
• The success of India's first talkie, Alam Ara, marks the beginning of filmi music
• Music of Mexico
• As rural Mexicans begin moving into the cities, trumpets are added to traditional mariachi bands, and the music develops a more pronounced nationalist bent; Silvestre Vargas soon becomes the most popular mariachi performer
• Music of the United Kingdom
• The formation of the Clarsach Society starts a renaissance in the Scottish harp
• Music of the United States
• Gene Autry's "Silver Haired Daddy of Mine" popularizes honky tonk music
• Fletcher Henderson and Duke Ellington have begun recording swing

1932 in music

• International trends
• A pan-Arab conference of musicians meets in Cairo, the International Congress of Arabic Music, agreeing to cooperate in revitalizing regional Arab styles of music
• Music of Greece
• Mrkos Vamvakris begins his career playing a style of Greek folk music called rembetika
• Music of Tanzania
• Young people, enamored of Cuban rumba, form dance clubs, such as the Dar Es Salaam Jazz Band
• Music of Thailand
• Western music, especially jazz, is extremely popular
• Music of the United States
• Folklorists John and Alan Lomax begin their series of influential folk music recordings for the Library of Congress; most importantly, they record Woody Guthrie
• Thomas Dorsey's "Precious Lord" revolutionizes gospel music and founds a Chicago-based scene for the genre
• Western swing evolves, due to the work of Bob Wills and Milton Brown

1933 in music

• Music of Cuba
• Ignacio Pineiro's Echale Salsita is the first use of salsa to describe Cuban dance music, of which rumba is beginning to gain international renown
• Music of Mexico
• The campaign of Lzaro Crdenas helps move mariachi into the mainstream; he will be the first to officially subsidize the music
• Music of South Africa
• Eric Gallo's Brunswick Gramophone House makes its first masters, beginning the South African music industry

1934 in music

• Music of Haiti
• American troops leave Haiti, and groups like Les Jazz des Jeunes begin their rise to fame incorporated Western, African, native and American music
• Music of Nigeria
• The first recordings of palm-wine music begin to produce stars like Ojoge Daniel and Speedy Araba
• Music of Trinidad and Tobago
• Atilla the Hun and Roaring Lion sign to major record labels in New York City; they will become the first stars of calypso music
• Music of Tunisia
• The Rashidiyya Orchestra is founded, moving towards a standardized, orchestral style of malouf music
• Music of the United States
• John and Alan Lomax discover a precursor to rock and roll while recording gospel music in the South
• Bill Monroe's "Kentucky Waltz" begins popularizing bluegrass music
• Cuban rumba begins to enter the American mainstream

1935 in music

• Music of South Africa
• Guitars, banjos and concertinas are added to marabi music
• Music of the United States
• The unprecedented success of Benny Goodman, Artie Shaw, Glenn Miller and Count Basie marks the peak of mainstream commercial emergence of swing, jazz and big band music
• Woody Guthrie writes The Dust Bowl Ballads, becoming the first in the American singer-songwriter tradition

1936 in music

• Music of Trinidad and Tobago
• An orchestra of frying pans, oil drums and dustbin lids recalls earlier styles of makeshift percussion music and eventually evolve into steel pan music
• Music of the United States
• Artists like Robert Johnson, Charley Patton and Son House innovate what comes to be known as Delta blues
• Close harmony brother duets are popular; these include the Delmore Brothers and Blue Sky Boys
• Roy Acuff leads the developing Nashville Sound in country music

1937 in music

• Music of the United States
• The Golden Gate Quartet reaches the peak of their popularity; they are the first major gospel group
• Big bands dominate American popular music

1938 in music

• International trends
• Sergei Eisenstein's film Alexander Nevsky features extended scenes of battles choreographed to a score by Sergei Prokofiev, setting new standards for the use of music as a part of cinema
• Music of Cuba
• Desi Arnaz popularizes the conga throughout Cuba, Europe and the United States
• Music of the United States
• Slovenian-American Frankie Yankovich begins his recording career; he will become the king of polka for most of the 20th century
• Boogie woogie breaks into the mainstream with the success of Meade Lux Lewis, Albert Ammons, and Pete Johnson
• Bill Monroe forms the Blue Grass Boys, creating a fusion of Appalachian folk music with blues, polka and other genres from around the world
• O. C. Cash founds SPEBSQSA, the barbershop harmony society; women's society follows shortly; barbershop quartets become a popular music staple, particularly in radio commercials

1939 in music

• International trends
• Kabylian-Algerian immigrants to Paris such as Cheikh Nourredin and Slimane Azem incorporate instruments like violins and banjos to Kabylian folk music
• Music of Colombia
• Cumbia begins to move from rural areas to the urban middle-class, displacing musica de la interior as the most popular form of music in Colombia
• Music of Cuba
• Mambo music begins to develop in Cuba
• Music of Portugal
• Amália Rodrigues' career begins; she becomes the most influential Portuguese musician of the 20th century
• Music of Puerto Rico
• Plena becomes popular among the island's jibaro artists; this movement is spearheaded by Rafael Hernandez (El Canario)
• Music of South Africa
• Solomon Linda's Original Evening Birds' "Mbube" is probably the first African recording to sell more than 100,000 copies
• Music of the United States
• Dixieland jazz becomes a mainstream commercial force with the success of Lu Watters & the Yerba Buena Jazz Band

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