statement (programming)

A statement is the minimal unit of structuring in imperative programming languages. The following are the major generic kinds of statements with examples in Pascal, a typical imperative language:

definition: TYPE SALARY = INTEGER
declaration: VAR A:INTEGER
assignment: A := A + 1
sequence: A := A + 1; WRITELN(A)
conditional: IF A > 3 THEN WRITELN(A) ELSE WRITELN("NOT YET") END
loop: FOR A:=1 TO 10 DO WRITELN(A) END
call: CLEARSCREEN()

Statements contrast with expressions in that the former do not return results and are executed solely for their side effects, while the latter always return a result and often do not have side effects at all. In block-structured programming languages, statements are grouped into statement blocks.

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