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SagarSagar, or Saugor is a city in Madhya Pradesh state, India. Sagar is the administrative seat of the district and division of the same name. The town is in a picturesque situation on a spur of the Vindhya Range, 1758 ft. above sea-level. The town is handsomely built, and is an emporium of trade. Sagar District Sagar District has an area of 10,252 sq. km., and a population of 2,021,783 (2001 census), a 23% increase from its 1991 population of 1,646,198. Sagar is bounded by Lalitpur district of Uttar Pradesh state to the north, and the Madhya Pradesh districts of Chhatarpur to the northeast, Damoh to the east, Narsinghpur to the south, Raisen to the southwest, Vidisha to the west, and Ashoknagar to the northwest. Sagar District is an extensive, elevated and in parts tolerably level plain, broken in places by low hills of the Vindhyan sandstone. It is traversed by numerous streams, chief of which are the Sunar, Beas, Dhasan and Bina rivers, all flowing in a northerly direction towards the valley of the Ganges. In the southern and central parts the soil is black, formed by decaying trap; to the north and east it is a reddish-brown alluvium. Iron ore of excellent quality is found and worked at Hirapur, a small village in the extreme north-east. The district contains several densely wooded tracts, the largest of which is the Ramna teak forest preserve in the north. Sagar Division The Sagar Division consists of the districts of Chhatarpur, Damoh, Panna, Sagar, and Tikamgarh. History Sagar was founded in 1660, but owes its iniportance to having been made the capital of the Maratha governor who established himself here in 1735. By a treaty concluded with the Mahratta Peshwa in 1818, the greater part of the present district was made over to the British; and the town became the capital of the Saugor and Nerbudda Territories, then attached to the North-Western Provinces. The North-Western Provinces later became part of the Central Provinces (later Central Provinces and Berar) and Sagar District was added to Jubbulpore (Jabalpur) division. During the Revolt of 1857 the whole district was in the possession of the rebels, except the town and fort, in which the British were shut up for eight months, till relieved by Sir Hugh Rose. The rebels were totally defeated and British rule restored by March 1858. In the early 20th century Sagar had a British cantonment, which contained a battery of artillery, a detachment of a European regiment, a native cavalry and a native infantry regiment. Upon India's independence in 1947, The former Central Provinces and Berar became the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.
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