Rubisco
RUBISCO
is the common name of
ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate
carboxylase/oxygenase
, an
enzyme
that is used in the
Calvin cycle
to catalyze the first major step of
carbon fixation
. RUBISCO catalyzes either the
carboxylation
or
oxygenation
of
ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate
(also known as
RuBP
) with
carbon dioxide
or
oxygen
. RUBISCO is very important because it represents the most important pathway by which
inorganic
carbon
enters the
biosphere
. It is also said that RUBISCO, which accounts for about 50% of all proteins found in leaves, is the most abundant
protein
on Earth. RUBISCO is only active during the day. This activity is controlled in two ways:
During
photosynthesis
, the pH of the
stroma
rises from 7.0 to 8.0 because of the proton gradient created in the
lumen
. RUBISCO has a narrow optimal pH at 8.0.
In darkness, RUBISCO is inhibited by a competitive inhibitor sythesized by the plant.
External links
Rubisco: Protein Data Bank entry
The Plant Kingdoms sloth: Protein spotlight article on the "slothful" enzyme Rubisco
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