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Regulatory RegionsGenes contain the message of life. They encompass the data that should be sent to the living cell. The question that remains is, how does a cell decide when to retrieve a particular data from the database (genome)? In other words, how are genes regulated so that only necessary proteins are produced as and when needed. All this is regulated by the interaction of certain proteins, known as regulatory proteins (they are variably named). Now, these proteins bind to short stretches of DNA, appropriately positioned in the genome. By doing so, they can recruit another protein complex, called the RNA polymerase to start copying the DNA into RNA. While it transpires that the proteins (regulatory proteins) are important, it is also worth noting that the short DNA sequence is equally important. These are called regulatory elements. Research is on to find all regulatory regions in genomes.
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