Pyruvate Dehydrogenase

Pyruvate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.51) is an allosteric enzyme that transforms pyruvate into acetyl-CoA which is then used in the citric acid cycle. It is inhibited when either of the three following ratios are increased: ATP/ADP, NADH/NAD+ and acetyl-CoA/CoASH. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is actually a big complex composed of 60 subunits: 24 pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), 24 dihydrolipoyl transacetylase (E2) and 12 dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3). The global reaction catalysed by pyruvate dehydrogenase is:
pyruvate + CoA + NAD+ ⇒ acetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ + CO2

 

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