Pennsylvania Dutchified English

Pennsylvania Dutchified English is a dialect of English that has been influenced by Pennsylvania German. It is largely spoken in the south central area of Pennsylvania, both by people who are monolingual (in English) and bilingual (in Pennsylvania German and English). It differs from standard American English in various ways. Some of its hallmark features include widespread devoicing of obstruents, the use of certain vowel variants in specific phonological contexts, the use of Pennsylvania German verb and noun stems in word construction, specific intonation patterns for questions, special placement of prepositional phrases in sentences, the use of "ain't" and "not" as question tags, the use of "still" as a habitual verbal marker, etc.

 

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thq
heinkel he 115
frank h. easterbrook
emblem of algeria
henry gilman
chap goh mei
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gilman reagent
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phormio
declaration of war by the united states
flower drum song
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alcoy, cebu
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diatonic functionality
robert de beaumont, 3rd earl of leicester
unkle
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messerschmitt me 264
nyoi bo
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la fortaleza
list of biblical passages
xviii corps
hmas ipswich
st. margret's, belize
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hmas j1
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