Other Definitions
nucleotide (dict)
|
Nucleotide | ucleotide codes | | ode | |Equivalence | Complement | | a href="/encyclopedia/Adenine" title="Adenine">A | A | T or U | | a href="/encyclopedia/Cytosine" title="Cytosine">C | C | G | | a href="/encyclopedia/guanine" title="guanine">G | G | C | | a href="/encyclopedia/thymine" title="thymine">T or U | T | A | | ||A or C||K | | ||A or G||Y | | ||A or T||W | | ||C or G||S | | ||C or T||R | | ||G or T||M | | ||A or C or G||B | | ||A or C or T||D | | ||A or G or T||H | | ||C or G or T||V | | or N | A or C or G or T | X | A nucleotide is an organic molecule consisting of a heterocyclic nucleobase (a purine or a pyrimidine), a pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA), and a phosphate or polyphosphate group. (A nucleoside is similar, except that it contains only the sugar and base, without a phosphate.) Nucleotide names are abbreviated into standard four-letter codes. The first letter is lower case and indicates whether the nucleotide in question is a ribonucleotide (r) or deoxyribonucleotide (d). The second letter indicates the nitrogenous base included (G,A,T,C,U). The third and fourth letters indicate the number of attached phosphates (Mono-, Di-, Tri-) and the presence of a phosphate (P). For example, deoxy-cytosine-triphosphate is abbreviated as dCTP. Nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acids and also play important roles in cellular energy transport and transformations (notably ATP and NAD+/NADH) and in enzyme regulation (see for example, protein kinase). See also
|
 |