metabolic pathway

In biochemistry, a metabolic pathway is a series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell, catalyzed by enzymes, and resulting in either the formation of a metabolic product to be used or stored by the cell (metabolic sink), or the initiation of another metabolic pathway (then called a flux generating step).

Overview

Most metabolic pathways have these common properties:

They are irreversible, usually because the first step is a committed step that only runs in one direction.
The pathways are regulated, usually by feedback inhibition.
Anabolic and catabolic pathways in eukaryotes are separated by either compartmentation or by the use of different enzymes and cofactors.

Major metabolic pathways

Cellular respiration

Main article: Cellular respiration Several distinct but linked metabolic pathways are used by cells to transfer the energy released by breakdown of fuel molecules to ATP:

Other pathways

Fatty acid oxidation (β-oxidation)
Gluconeogenesis
HMG-CoA reductase pathway (cholesterol, isoprene prenylation chains)
Pentose phosphate pathway (hexose monophosphate shunt)
Porphyrin synthesis (or heme synthesis) pathway
Urea cycle

External links

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