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Medical ResidencyA medical residency is a post-graduate educational and clinical training program for physicians. Whereas medical school gives doctors a broad range of medical knowledge, basic clinical skills, and limited experience practicing the art of medicine, medical residency gives in-depth training within a specific branch of medicine, such as general surgery or ophthalmology. Medical residencies vary in duration from 3 years for primary care to upwards of 5 years for a more specialized field. During their medical residency training, doctors are called residents. The first year of residency is often called internship. Often the internship is combined with the residency program, but sometimes doctors do an internship in a general field of study and then do a separate residency program in a speciality. In the United States, doctors can obtain a full medical license after completing one year of internship. So most residents have medical licenses and thus can legally practice medicine without supervision. However, during their residency, residents are supervised by attending physicians who generally must approve any medical decisions made by residents. Doctors must complete a residency in their speciality in order to become board certified. Board certification is not a requirement for the practice of medicine but it ensures the public that a doctor has completed training in a speciality and has passed an examination. In some specialities, recertification is required after a period of several years, to ensure that doctors stay up to date with new medical knowledge in their field. - See also the subsection on training in the article about Physicians.
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