List Of Regular Polytopes

This page lists the regular polytopes in Euclidean space.

Two dimensional regular polytopes

The two dimensional convex regular polytopes are regular polygons. There exist also non-convex regular polytopes in two dimensions, whose Schlfli symbols consist of rational numbers. An incomplete list of examples is as follows:
  • The pentagram (five-pointed star), with Schlfli symbol {5/2}
  • Two different types of seven-pointed star, with Schlfli symbols {7/2} and {7/3}
  • An eight-pointed star, with Schlfli symbol {8/3}
  • Two different types of nine-pointed star, with Schlfli symbols {9/2} and {9/4}
  • and so on, ad infinitum.

Three dimensional regular polytopes

In three dimensions, the convex regular polytopes (or polyhedra) are the Platonic solids.
  • The tetrahedron, with Schlfli symbol {3,3}, faces are triangles, vertex figures are also triangles.
  • The cube, with Schlfli symbol {4,3}, faces are squares, vertex figures are triangles.
  • The octahedron, with Schlfli symbol {3,4}, faces are triangles, vertex figures are squares.
  • The dodecahedron, with Schlfli symbol {5,3}, faces are pentagons, vertex figures are triangles.
  • The icosahedron, with Schlfli symbol {3,5}, faces are triangles, vertex figures are pentagons.
There exist also non-convex regular polyhedra. These are the Kepler-Poinsot polyhedra.

Four dimensional regular polytopes

In four dimensions, the convex regular polytopes are as follows.
  • The 4-dimensional simplex, with Schlfli symbol {3,3,3}, faces and vertex figures are tetrahedra.
  • The 24-cell, with Schlfli symbol {3,4,3}, faces are octahedra, vertex figures are cubes.
  • The 4-dimensional cube, also called a hypercube or tesseract, with Schlfli symbol {4,3,3}, faces are cubes, vertex figures are tetrahedra.
  • The 4-dimensional cross-polytope, with Schlfli symbol {3,3,4}, faces are tetrahedra, vertex figures are octahedra.
  • The 120-cell, with Schlfli symbol {5,3,3}, faces are dodecahedra, vertex figures are tetrahedra.
  • The 600-cell, with Schlfli symbol {3,3,5}, faces are tetrahedra, vertex figures are icosahedra.
There exist also ten non-convex regular polytopes in four dimensions.

Higher dimensional regular polytopes

In dimensions higher than 4, there are only three kinds of convex regular polytopes.
  • n-dimensional simplex, with Schlfli symbol {3,...,3}
  • n-dimensional cube, also called a hypercube or tesseract, with Schlfli symbol {4,3,...,3}
  • n-dimensional cross-polytope, with Schlfli symbol {3,...,3,4}
There are no non-convex regular polytopes in dimensions higher than 4.

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