list of european rivers with alternative names

Most rivers in Europe have alternative names in different languages. Some rivers have also undergone name changes for political or other reasons. This article attempts to give all known alternative names for all major European rivers. It also includes some lesser rivers that are important because of their location or history. This article does not offer any opinion about what the "original", "official", "real", or "correct" name of any river is or was. Rivers are listed alphabetically by their current best-known name in English. The English version is followed by variants in other languages, in alphabetical order by name, and then by any historical variants and former names. Foreign names that are the same as their English equivalents may be listed, to provide an answer to the question "What is that name in...?".

A

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Aar	Aar (French), Aare (German)
Adige	Ades (Dolomite Ladin), Adige (French, Italian), Adigio (Spanish), Adyga (Polish), Atesis (Latin), Etsch (German)
Albula	Albula (German), Alvra (Romansh)
Angrapa	Angrapa (Russian), Węgorapa (Polish)
Aude	Atax (Latin), Aude (French)

B

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Birs	Birs (German), Birse (French)
Bosna	Basana (Latin), Bosna (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian), Vasna (variant name)
Brda	Brahe (German), Brda (Polish)
Bug, Western	Bug (German, Polish), Bug - בוג (Yiddish), Buh - Буг (Ukrainian), Zakhodni Bug - Заходні Буг (Belarusian), Zapadnyi Bug - Западный Буг (Russian)

C

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Cetina	Cetina (Croatian, Italian)
Charente	Charanta (Occitan), Charenta (Spanish), Charente (French)
Criş	Criş (Romanian), Crisia (Latin), Krs (Hungarian)

D

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Danube	Afon Donwy (Welsh), Danubah - דנובה (Hebrew), Danube (French), Danubi (Catalan), Danubio (Italian, Spanish), Danbio (Portuguese), Danubius / Danuvius or Ister (Latin), Donau (Bahasa Indonesia, Danish, Dutch, German, Swedish), Duna (Hungarian), Dunaj (Czech, Polish, Slovak), Dunăre / Dunărea (Romanian), Dunav - Дунав (Bulgarian, Serbian), Dunav (Croatian), Dunay (Ukrainian), Tonava (Finnish)
Daugava/Dvina, Western	Daugava (Latvian), Daugava or Vina (Estonian), Daugava or Vstra Dvina (Swedish), Daugava or Westelijke Dwina (Dutch), Duina (Spanish), Dna (German), Dz'vina - Дзьвіна (Belarusian), Dźwina (Polish), Western Dvina (alternative English name), Zapadnaya Dvina - Западная Двина (Russian)
Dniepr	Borysthenes (Latin), Dnepr (Finnish), Dnepr - Днепр (Russian), Dnieper (Italian, Portuguese), Dniper (Catalan), Dniepr (Polish), Dnipro - Днiпро (Ukrainian), Dnyapro - Дняпро (Belarusian)
Dniestr	Dnestr - Днестр (Russian), Dniester (Italian, Portuguese), Dnister (Catalan), Dniestr (Polish), Dnistro - Днiпсто (Ukrainian), Nistru (Romanian), Tyras (Latin)
Don	Don - Дон (Bulgarian, Russian), Don (Catalan, Dutch, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish)
Dordogne	Dordogna (Italian), Dordogne (French), Dordoa (Spanish), Dordonha (Portuguese)
Doubs	Doubs (French, Spanish), Dubis (Latin)
Douro	Douro (Portuguese), Duero (Catalan, Italian, Polish, Spanish), Durius (Latin)
Drave	Drau (German), Drava (Croatian, Italian, Slovene), Drva (Hungarian), Dravus (Latin), Drawa (Polish)
Drina	Drin / Drini (Albanian), Drina (Catalan, Croatian, German, Italian, Polish, Serbian, Slovene)
Drwęca	Drewenz (German), Drwęca (Polish)
Dvina, Northern	Dvina or Phja-Dvina (Estonian), Dvina Settentrionale (Italian), Dwina (Polish), Severnaya Dvina - Северная Двина (Russian)

E

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Ebro	Ebre (Catalan), bre (French), Ebro (Italian, German, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish), Iberus (Latin)
Eisack	Eisack (German), Isarco (Italian)
Eger	Eger (German, Hungarian, Polish), Ohře (Czech)
Elbe	Albis (Latin), Elba (Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Elbe (German), Elben (Danish), Łaba (Polish), Labe (Czech)
Ems	Amisia or Amisus (Latin), Eems (Dutch), Ems (German), Emže (Czech)
Enns	Anisus (Latin), Enns (German), Enže (Czech)

F

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Fella	Fella (German, Hungarian, Italian), Běl (Czech)

G

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Garonne	Garona (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), Garonna (Italian, Polish), Garonne (French), Garumna (Latin)
Gironde	Gironda (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Gironde (French), Żyronda (Polish)
Glne	Glne (French), Glane (German)
Guadalquivir	Baetis (Latin), Guadalquivir (Catalan, Italian, Spanish), Gwadalkiwir (Polish)
Guadiana	Anas (Latin), Guadiana (Catalan, French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Gwadiana (Polish)
Gurk	Gurk (German), Krka (Slovene)

I

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Isar	Isara (Latin), Isar (German), Izara (Polish)
Isre	Isara (Latin), Isre (French), Izera (Polish)
Inn	Aenus (Latin), En (Romansh), Inn (German)

K

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Krka (Dalmatia)	Cherca (Italian), Korkoras (Latin), Krka (Croatian)

L

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Lech	Lech (German), Licca (Latin)
Leitha	Lajta (Hungarian), Leitha (German), Litava (Czech), Litawa (Polish)
Loire	Leira (Occitan), Liger (Latin), Loara (Polish), Loira (Catalan, Italian, Spanish), Loire (Dutch, French, Spanish)
Lot	Lot (French), Oltis (Latin)
Lusatian Neisse	Lausitzer Neie (German), Lužick Nisa (Czech), Nysa Łużycka (Polish)
Lys	Leie (Dutch), Lys (French)

M

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Main	Main (French, German), Majna (Hungarian), Men (Polish), Meno (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Monus (Latin), Mohan (Czech, Slovak)
Maritsa	vros (Greek), Marica (Polish), Meri (Turkish)
Marne	Mne (Walloon), Marna (Italian, Polish), Marne (Dutch, French, German, Spanish), Matrona (Latin)
Meuse	Maas (Dutch, German, Swedish), Maes (Flemish), Meuse (Danish, French), Mosa (Italian, Latin, Portuguese, Spanish), Mouze (Walloon), Moza (Polish)
Morava	March (German), Morava (Czech, Italian), Moravia (Latin), Morawa (Polish)
Morava	Margus (Latin), Morava (Serbian)
Moselle	Moezel (Dutch), Mosel (German), Mosela (Portuguese, Spanish), Mosella (Italian, Latin), Moselle (French), Mozela (Polish)
Mura	Mur (German), Mura (Croatian, Slovene)
Mureş	Marisia (Latin), Maros (Hungarian), Marusza (Polish), Mureş (Romanian)

N

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Narew	Narau - Нараў (Belarusian), Narew (German, Polish)
Neman	Memel (German), Němen (Czech), Nemunas (Lithuanian), Niemen (Polish), Njemen (Swedish), Nyoman - Нёман (Belarusian)
Neretva	Narenta (Italian), Naro (Latin), Neretva (Croatian), Neretva - Неретва (Serbian). Neretwa (Polish)
Neva	Neva (Dutch, Italian, Portuguese, Swedish), Neva - Нева (Russian), Newa (German, Polish)
Noteć	Natissis (Latin), Netze (German), Noteć (Polish)

O

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Oder	Oder (French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), der (Catalan), Odera (Hungarian), Odera or Oddera (medieval Latin), Odra (Czech, Estonian, Polish, Slovak), Viadua, Viadrua, or Viadrus (ancient Latin)
Olt	Aluta (Polish), Alutus (Latin), Olt (Romanian)
Olza	Olsa (German), Olše (Czech), Olza (Polish)
Orava	Arva (Latin), rva (Hungarian), Arwa (German), Orava (Slovak), Orawa (Polish)
Ourthe	Ourte (former French Empire), Ourthe (French), Ote (Walloon)

P

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Peene	Peene (German), Piana (Polish)
Piave	Piave (Italian), Piawa (Polish), Plav (Czech), Plavis (Latin)
Po	Padus or Eridanus (Latin), Pd (Czech), Pad (Polish), Po (Catalan, Italian, Spanish), P (Hungarian, Portuguese)
Pregolya	Pregel (German), Pręgoła (Polish), Pregola (variant in English), Pregolya - Преголя (Russian)
Pripyat	Pripyat' - Припять (Russian), Prypeć (Polish), Pryp'yat' - Прип'ять (Ukrainian), Prypyats' - Прыпяць (Belarusian)
Prut	Prut (Polish, Romanian), Prut - פּרוט (Yiddish), Pruth (German), Pyretus (Latin)

R

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Rba	Arabo or Raba (Latin), Raab (German), Rba (Hungarian)
Rhine	Rajna (Hungarian), Rayn - רײַן (Yiddish), Ren (Polish), Reno (Italian, Portuguese), Rhein (German), Rhenus (Latin), Rhin (French), Rhinen (Danish), Rijn (Dutch), Rin (Catalan, Spanish, Walloon), Rn (Czech, Slovak)
Rhne	Rhodanus (Latin), Rhne (Estonian, Dutch, French), Rhone (German), Rodan (Polish), Rodano (Italian), Rdano (Portuguese, Spanish), Roine (Catalan), Rose (Occitan), Rotten (old German name, still used in Swiss German dialect of Valais)
Rienz	Rienz (German), Rienza (Italian)
Rur	Roer (Dutch), Roule / Rour (French, Walloon), Rur (German)

S

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Saane/Sarine	Saane (German), Sarine (French)
Saale	Saale (German), Sala (Latin, Polish)
Saar	Saar (Danish, German, Italian, Romanian), Saara (Polish), Saravus (Latin), Sarre (French, Portuguese, Spanish)
Sambre	Sabis (Latin), Sambe (Walloon), Samber (Dutch), Sambra (Polish), Sambre (French, German)
Sane	Arar (Latin), Saona (Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish), Sane (Estonian, Dutch, French, German)
Sava	Sava (Croatian, Italian, Slovene), Save (German, variant in English), Savus (Latin), Sawa (Polish), Szva (Hungarian)
Scheldt	Escalda (Spanish), Escaut (French), Esc (Walloon), Schelda (Italian), Schelde (Dutch, German, Swedish), Skalda (Polish)
Seine	Seine (Dutch, French, German), Seinen (Danish), Sekwana (Polish), Sena (Catalan, Galician, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Senna (Italian), Sequana or Sequanna (Celtic), Sequana or Sequanus (Latin), Sinne (Walloon)
Semois	Semois (French Belgium), Semoy (French France)
Sense/Singine	Sense (German), Singine (French)
Siret	Hierasus (Latin), Seret (Polish), Siret (Romanian)
Soča	Isonzo (German, Italian), Soča (Slovene)
Somme	Somma (Polish), Somme (French, German, Swedish)
Spree	Spree (German), Sprva (Czech), Spreva (Latin), Sprjewja (Lower Sorbian), Szprewa (Polish)
Struma	Karasu (Turkish), Strimnis (Greek), Strouma (French, variant in English), Struma - Струма (Bulgarian), Strymon (ancient Greek, Latin, variant in English)
Swina	Świna (Polish), Swina (Pomeranian), Swine (German)

T

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Tagus	Tag (Polish), Tago (Italian), Tagus (Latin), Tajo (Catalan, Spanish), Tejo (Portuguese)
Thames	Tamesa (variant in Latin), Tmesi (Catalan), Tamesis (Latin), Tmesis (Spanish), Tamigi (Italian), Tamisa (Portuguese), Tamise (French), Tamiza (Polish), Temza - Темза (Bulgarian, Russian), Temže (Czech), Temze (Hungarian), Themse (German), Themsen (Danish)
Thaya	Dyje (Czech), Thaya (German)
Theiss	Cisa (Polish), Thei (German), Tibisco (Italian), Tisa (Romanian, Serbian, Slovak), Tisia (Latin), Tisza (Dutch, Hungarian)
Thielle	Thielle (French), Zihl (German)
Tiber	Tevere (Italian), Tiber (Czech, German, Latin, Spanish), Tber (Catalan), Tibre (Portuguese), Tyber (Polish)
Ticino	Tessin (French, German), Ticino (Italian), Ticinus (Latin)

V

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Vh	Cusus (variant in Latin), Vg (Hungarian), Vagus (Latin), Vh (Slovak), Waag (German), Wag (Polish)
Vardar	Axios (Greek), Vardar (Bulgarian, German, Italian, Macedonian, Romanian), Vardar or Wardar (German), Wardar (Polish)
Venta	Venta (Lithuanian), Windau (German), Windawa (Polish)
Vistula	Vaysl - װײַסל (Yiddish), Visla (Estonian), Vistola (Italian), Vistula (Latin), Vstula (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), Vistule (French), Weichsel (German), Wisła (Polish)
Vltava	Moldau (German), Moldava (Italian, Spanish), Moldavia or Multavia (Latin), Vltava (Czech), Wełtawa (Polish)
Volga	Rha (Latin), Volga (Catalan, Hungarian, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Volga - Волга (Russian), Volha (Czech), Wolga (German), Wołga (Polish)

W

Other name(s) or older name(s)
Warta	Varta (Latin), Warta (Polish), Warthe (German)
Weser	Vesdre (French), Visurgis (Latin), Weser (German), Wezera (Polish)