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List Of Dukes Of ParmaThe Duchy of Parma was a small Italian state between 1545 and 1802, and again from 1814 to 1860. The Duke of Parma was also Duke of Piacenza, except for the first years of the rule of Ottavio Farnese (1549-1556), and the time of the Napoleonic Dukes of Parma and Piacenza, when the two were established as separate positions held by two individuals. The position is currently held by a member of the Bourbon family, which also holds the Spanish throne. Therefore, the Duke of Parma is a legitimate (though not prime) claimant to the Kingdom of Spain; indeed, the current Duke of Parma, Carlos-Hugo, was a pretender to the Spanish throne in the 1970s (see Carlism). Farnese Dukes of Parma, 1545-1731 See also: Farnese Bourbon Dukes of Parma, 1731-1735 See also: House of Bourbon; Bourbon family tree Habsburg Dukes of Parma, 1735-1748 See also: Habsburg Bourbon Dukes of Parma, 1748-1802 Napoleonic Dukes, 1808-1814 See also: Napoleon these did not actually rule over the territory of Parma and Piacenza Habsburg Dukes of Parma, 1814-1847 Bourbon Dukes of Parma, 1847-1860 Bourbon Dukes of Parma since 1860 - Roberto I 1860-1907
- Enrico 1907-1939
- Giuseppe 1939-1950
- Elias (regent 1907-1950) 1950-1959
- Roberto II 1959-1974
- Xavier 1974-1977
- Carlos Hugo 1977-present
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