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Juan, Conde De MontizonJuan, Conde de Montizon (May 15, 1822 - November 21, 1887) was the younger son of the Infante Carlos of Spain. He was the Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain, and later the Legitimist claimant to the throne of France. Juan Carlos Maria Isidro, Infante of Spain, was born at the Palacio Real de Aranjuez in 1822. His parents were the Infante Carlos, brother of King Ferdinand VII, and his first wife, the Infanta Francisca of Portugal. He was raised in an atmosphere imbued with traditional values of loyalty to the monarchy and the Church. In 1833 Juan's father claimed the throne of Spain as King Carlos V. On account of his youth Juan played little part in the campaigns of the ensuing First Carlist War. On February 6, 1847, Juan married the Archduchess Beatrix of Austria-Este, daughter of Duke Francis IV of Modena. The couple had two sons: - Carlos, Duke of Madrid (1848-1909.
- Alfonso Carlos, Duke of San Jaime (1849-1936).
In spite of the conservative leanings of his own family and that of his wife, Juan developed liberal tendencies. He lived separately from his wife who raised her two sons at the conservative court of Modena. Juan played no part in the 1860 Carlist rising led by his brother Carlos, Conde de Montemolin. On April 21 Carlos was captured by the troops of Isabella II and forced to renounce his claims to the Spanish throne. On June 2 Juan published a declaration affirming his accession as Juan III, King of Spain; henceforward he used the title conde de Montizon. Juan's accession declaration used phrases such as "the light and progress of the age"; these phrases caused great offence to many Carlists most of whom refused to support him. Once he had left Spain, Carlos renounced his abdication. On June 15 he declared that it was invalid since he had been forced to sign against his will. Juan refused to accept his brother's declaration. Until Carlos' death the following January there were two Carlist claimants. During the early 1860s the popularity of the government of Isabella II continued to decline. Juan's liberal views, however, ensured that he was not a viable candidate for the Carlists. In 1866, Juan's elder son Carlos (now aged eighteen) asked his father to abdicate his rights, but he did nothing. Two years later, however, on October 3, 1868 Juan signed a decree of abdiction at Paris. He became an active supporter of his son Carlos' attempts to regain the Spanish throne in the Third Carlist War. On August 24, 1883 Juan's distant cousin Henri, comte de Chambord died. Henri had been the Legitimist claimant to the throne of France. Henri's widow and a minority of his supporters held that Juan as senior male descendant of Louis XIV was his successor. They proclaimed him as Jean III, King of France and Navarre. Juan died at Brighton in 1887. He is buried in the Basilica di San Giusto in Trieste. Juan, Conde de Montizon Juan, Conde de Montizon Juan, Conde de Montizon
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