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Johannes Scotus EriugenaJohannes Scotus Eriugena (c. 815-877). The translator of Pseudo-Dionysius from Greek to Latin adopted Neo-Platonism and tried to reconcile this with Christianity. He attempted an original approach to religion and philosophy by regarding Church doctrine as dynamic. For this he narrowly escaped persecution as a heretic. In his principal work, On the Division of Nature, he postulated that God emanates nature in four forms. The highest being God himself, who creates but is not created. Then there are those which are created and create, those which are created but do not create, and finally God again, as what rests neither created nor creating. Eriugena declared "God is not a what but a that," and with this that true religion and true philosophy are identical. Both of which rest upon the unity of God who is not subject to necessity but creates by his own will. Man being each microcosmos of an owned unique soul, but "all our souls are but one soul." His influence was greater with mystics than with logicians, but he was responsible for a revival of philosophical thought which had remained dormant in western Europe after the death of Boethius. Eriugena Eriugena Eriugena
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