Iron Overload Disorder

• Primary iron overload (see the Haemochromatosis page):
• Type 1: Haemochromatosis associated to mutations in the HFE gene:
• C282Y homozygosity
• C282Y/H63D compound heterozygosity
• Type 2: Juvenile hereditary iron overload
• 2A: mutation of an unknown gene, tentatively called HFE2A
• 2B: mutation in hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (HAMP)
• Type 3: Hereditary iron overload associated to mutations in the Transferrin receptor 2 gene
• Type 4: Hereditary iron overload associated to mutations in the SLC11A3 gene (Ferroportin/MTP/IREG-1)
• Aceruloplasminaemia (rare disease)
• Congenital atransferrinaemia (rare disease)
• Others (unidentified genes)
• Juvenile haemochromatosis
• Neonatal haemochromatosis
• Secondary iron overload
• Dietary iron overload
• Parental iron overload (see item in Haemochromatosis article)
• Iron loading anaemias (see item in Haemochromatosis article)
• Long term haemodialysis
• Chronic liver disease
• Hepatitis C
• Alcoholic cirrhosis, especially when advanced
• Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
• Porphyria cutanea tarda
• Post-portacaval shunting
• Dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome
• Miscellaneous
• Iron overload in sub-Sahara Africa (see item in Haemochromatosis article)

Sources

• Pietrangelo A. Haemochromatosis. Gut 2003;52(Suppl 2):23-30
• Andrews NC. Disorders of iron metabolism. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1986-95

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