House Leader
In
Canada
each political party with representation in the House of Commons has a
House Leader
who is a
front bench
MP
and an expert in
parliamentary procedure
. The House Leader is in charge of the party's day-to-day business in the
Canadian House of Commons
and usually conducts negotiations with other parties on the conduct of
Bills
and debates. They also argue
Points of Order
before the
Speaker of the House
. The
House Leader
is not the same as the party leader but, for
Opposition
parties is the leader's senior deputy. The
Government House Leader
is a senior
cabinet minister
who navigates the government's business in the House. This system is replicated in the various provincial
legislatures
. The position of House Leader is especially important during periods of
minority government
where no one party has control of the House and bills can only be passed with the agreement of several parties. The
Prime Minister of Canada
and
Leader of the Official Opposition
originally had these responsibilities. In
1944
, however, as a result of the increasing burdens placed on government by the
Second World War
, Prime Minister
William Lyon Mackenzie King
delegated these responsibilities to another member of the
Canadian Cabinet
. In
1946
the position of
Government House Leader
was formally recognized. The position of Opposition House Leader evolved in the 1950s as each Opposition party began to designate a particular MP to question the Government House Leader on upcoming House business. The title of Opposition House Leader became official in
1963
and in
1974
a special annual indemnity was attached to the position of House Leader in each of the opposition parties. Notable Canadian House Leaders include
Stanley Knowles
of the
NDP
and its predecessor the
CCF
,
Allan MacEachen
and
Herb Gray
of the
Liberal Party of Canada
and
Erik Nielsen
of the
Progressive Conservatives
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