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hont (dict)
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HontHont (-Slovak and Hungarian and German, in Latin: Honthum, in Hungarian also: Honth) is the name of a historic administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary and then shortly of Czechoslovakia. Its territory is presently in southern Slovakia (3/4) and northern Hungary (1/4). Today, in Slovakia Hont is the informal designation of the corresponding territory. Geography Hont county shared borders with the counties Tekov (Bars), Zlyom, Ngrd, Pest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun and Esztergom. It was situated between Bansk Štiavnica and the Danube river, but the territory around the town of Krupina was added only at the end of the 19th century. The rivers Krupinica and Ipeľ were the central rivers that flowed through the county. Its area was 2633 km² around 1910. Capitals The capitals of the county were the Hont Castle together with Ipeľsk predmostie, then from the 16th century onwards there was no permanent capital, and finally since early 19th century, the capital was Šahy (in Hungarian: Ipolysg). History The county arose in the 11th century by separation from the Ngrd county. Around the year 1300, the territory of Malohont (Hungarian: Kishont) was added to the territory of the county, but received a special status. In 1802, Malohont became part of the Gemer county. From 1552 to 1685, most of the county was part of the Ottoman Empire and belonged to the administrative unit called Ngrad sandjak. Changes to the northern border of the county were performed in 1802 and then in the late 19th century (above all Krupina was added to the territory). In 1918 (confirmed by the Treaty of Trianon 1920), most of Hont county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia, except the small part of the county situated south-east of the river Ipeľ, which stayed in Hungary. In Czechoslovakia, the county continued to exist as the Hont county (Hontianska župa). In 1923, it became part of the Zvolen county. In 1928, it became part of the newly created Slovak Land (Slovensk krajina/zem). During World War II, when Czechoslovakia was split temporarily, Hont's northern parts were part of the newly created Hron county (1940-1945) of Slovakia, while the southern parts were occupied by Hungary under the First Vienna Award. In 1949, it became part of the newly created Nitra region and Bansk Bystrica region of Czechoslovakia. In 1960, it became part of the newly created Western Slovak region and Central Slovak region. In 1993, Czechoslovakia was split and in 1996 Hont became part of the newly created Nitra region and Banska Bystrica region of Slovakia. The Hungarian part of Hont merged with the Hungarian part of Ngrd county to form Ngrd-Hont county. Between 1939 and 1945 it was united with the occupied parts of former Bars and Hont counties to form Bars-Hont county (capital Levice). Since 1950 the Hungarian part of Hont is divided between the present Hungarian counties Pest and Ngrd. Districts Until 1802, the county consisted of 3 processus (in Slovak slžnovsk okresy; a type of districts led by "iudices nobilium") plus the Malohont district. In 1802, when Malohont was removed, the county was divided in four new processus. In the early 20th century, the districts and their capitals were: Urban county: Urban district: The towns Vmosmikola and Szob are presently in Hungary.
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