gwr 4073 class

The Castle class locomotives were a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotive of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, C B Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.

History

A development of the earlier Star Class, one hundred and sixty-five (165) were built, over a 25 year span from August 1923 to August 1950. They were numbered 4073–4099; 5000–5099; 7000–7037. Although most were built new, sixteen locos were rebuilt from older locomotives—fifteen Star Class locomotives; and the Great Western Railway's sole 4-6-2 locomotive, number 111 The Great Bear. The Castle class was noted for superb performance on The Cheltenham Flyer during the 1930s: on June 6th 1932, pulled by Treganna Castle, the train covered 77 miles (124 km) from Swindon to Paddington at an average speed of 81.68 miles per hour (131.45 km/h). This world record for steam traction was widely regarded as an astonishing feat. In 1926, number 5000 Launceston Castle was loaned to the London, Midland and Scottish Railway where it ran trials between London to Carlisle. It was rumoured that LMS tried to persuade GWR to build a batch of Castles for use on the West Coast Main Line. Withdrawal started in the 1950s; the last to be withdrawn was Clun Castle. A few survive in preservation as either working examples or static exhibits, including Caerphilly Castle, Clun Castle, Pendennis Castle, Nunney Castle, and Defiant.

Specifications

Cylinders: 4; 16″ (406 mm) diameter, 26″ (660 mm) stroke
Valve gear: inside cylinders – Walschaert's; outside cylinders – derived from inside cylinders via rocking bars.
Valves: Piston Valves
Boiler Presure: 225 lbf/in² (1.55 MPa)
Driving wheel diameter: 6′ 8.5″ (2.04 m)
Tractive Effort: 31,625 lbf (140.675 kN)
Engine Weight: 79 tons 17 cwt (81.1 Mg)
Tender Weight: 46 tons 14 cwt (47.44 Mg)

List of Locomotives

olspan=2 align=center\|Names	colspan=2 align-center\|Dates	rowspan=2 align=center\|Notes
idth="110" align=center\|First	width="110" align=center\|Second	(Re)Built	With-drawn
11	Viscount Churchill	-	1924	1953	Rebuilt from 111 The Great Bear
000	North Star	-	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4000
009 / 100	Shooting Star	A1 Lloyds	?	1950	Rebuilt from Star Class 4009
016	Knight of the Golden Fleece	The Somerset Light Infantry (Prince Albert's)	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4016
032	Queen Alexandra	-	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4032
037	Queen Philippa	The South Wales Borderers	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4037
a href="/encyclopedia/GWR-4073-Caerphilly-Castle" title="GWR 4073 Caerphilly Castle">4073	Caerphilly Castle	-	1923	?	Preserved at Railway Museum, Swindon
074	Caldicot Castle	-	?	?
075	Cardiff Castle	-	?	?
076	Carmarthen Castle	-	?	?
077	Chepstow Castle	-	?	?
078	Pembroke Castle	-	?	?
a href="/encyclopedia/GWR-4079-Pendennis-Castle" title="GWR 4079 Pendennis Castle">4079	Pendennis Castle	-	?	?	Preserved at Didcot Railway Centre
080	Powderham Castle	-	?	?
081	Warwick Castle	-	?	?
082	Windsor Castle	\|? \|? \| Swapped name & number with 7013 Bristol Castle in 1952
083	Abbotsbury Castle	-	?	?
084	Aberystwyth Castle	-	?	?
085	Berkeley Castle	-	?	?
086	Builth Castle	-	?	?
087	Cardigan Castle	-	?	?
088	Dartmouth Castle	-	?	?
089	Donnington Castle	-	?	?
090	Dorchester Castle	-	?	?
091	Dudley Castle	-	?	1959	First ‘new-built’ Castle to be withdrawn
092	Dunraven Castle	-	?	?
093	Dunster Castle	-	?	?
094	Dynevor Castle	-	?	?
095	Harlech Castle	-	?	?
096	Highclere Castle	-	?	?
097	Kenilworth Castle	-	?	?
098	Kidwelly Castle	-	?	?
099	Kilgerran Castle	-	?	?
000	Launceston Castle	-	?	?
001	Llandovery Castle	-	?	?
002	Ludlow Castle	-	?	?
003	Lulworth Castle	-	?	?
004	Llanstephan Castle	-	?	?
005	Manorbier Castle	-	?	?
006	Tregenna Castle	-	?	?
007	Rougemont Castle	-	?	?
008	Raglan Castle	-	?	?
009	Shrewsbury Castle	-	?	?
010	Restormel Castle	-	?	?
011	Tintagel Castle	-	?	?
012	Berry Pomeroy Castle	-	?	?
013	Abergavenny Castle	-	?	?
014	Goodrich Castle	-	?	?
015	Kingswear Castle	-	?	?
016	Montgomery Castle	-	?	?
017	St. Donat's Castle	The Gloucestershire Regiment 28th 61st	?	?	Renamed 1954
018	St Mawes Castle	-	?	?
019	Treago Castle	-	?	?
020	Trematon Castle	-	?	?
021	Whittington Castle	-	?	?
022	Wigmore Castle	-	?	?
023	Brecon Castle	-	?	?
024	Carew Castle	-	?	?
025	Chirk Castle	-	?	?
026	Criccieth Castle	-	?	?
027	Farleigh Castle	-	?	?
028	Llantilio Castle	-	?	?
a href="/encyclopedia/GWR-5029-Nunney-Castle" title="GWR 5029 Nunney Castle">5029	Nunney Castle	-	?	?	Preserved
030	Shirburn Castle	-	?	?
031	Totnes Castle	-	?	?
032	Usk Castle	-	?	?
033	Broughton Castle	-	?	?
034	Corfe Castle	-	?	?
035	Coity Castle	-	?	?
036	Lyonshall Castle	-	?	?
037	Monmouth Castle	-	?	?
038	Morlais Castle	-	?	?
039	Rhuddlan Castle	-	?	?
040	Stokesay Castle	-	?	?
041	Tiverton Castle	-	?	?
042	Winchester Castle	-	?	?
043	Barbury Castle	Earl of Mount Edgcumbe	?	?	Preserved
044	Beverston Castle	Earl of Dunraven	?	?
045	Bridgwater Castle	Earl of Dudley	?	?
046	Clifford Castle	Earl Cawdor	?	?
047	Compton Castle	Earl of Dartmouth	?	?
048	Cranbrook Castle	Earl of Devon	?	?
049	Denbigh Castle	Earl of Plymouth	?	?
050	Devizes Castle	Earl of St Germans	?	?
a href="/encyclopedia/GWR-5051-Drysllwyn-Castle" title="GWR 5051 Drysllwyn Castle">5051	Drysllwyn Castle	Earl Bathurst	?	?	Preserved. Carries both names (one each side)
052	Eastnor Castle	Earl of Radnor	?	?
053	Bishop's Castle	Earl Cairns	?	?
054	Lamphey Castle	Earl of Ducie	?	?
055	Lydford Castle	Earl of Eldon	?	?
056	Ogmore Castle	Earl of Powis	?	?
057	Penrice Castle	Earl Waldegrave	?	?
058	Newport Castle	Earl of Clancarty	?	?
059	Powis Castle	Earl St Aldwyn	?	?
060	Sarum Castle	Earl of Berkeley	?	?
061	Sudeley Castle	Earl of Birkenhead	?	?
062	Tenby Castle	Earl of Shaftesbury	?	?
063	Thornbury Castle	Earl Baldwin	?	?
064	Tretower Castle	Bishop's Castle	?	?
065	Upton Castle	Newport Castle	?	?
066	Wardour Castle	Sir Felix Pole	?	?
067	St Fagans Castle	-	?	?
068	Beverston Castle	-	?	?
069	Isambard Kingdom Brunel	-	?	?
070	Sir Daniel Gooch	-	?	?
071	Clifford Castle	Spitfire	?	?
072	Compton Castle	Hurricane	?	?
073	Cranbrook Castle	Blenheim	?	?
074	Denbigh Castle	Hampden	?	?
075	Devizes Castle	Wellington	?	?
076	Drysllwyn Castle	Gladiator	?	?
077	Eastnor Castle	Fairey Battle	?	?
078	Lamphey Castle	Beaufort	?	?
079	Lydford Castle	Lysander	?	?
a href="/encyclopedia/GWR-5080-Defiant" title="GWR 5080 Defiant">5080	Ogmore Castle	Defiant	?	?	Preserved
081	Penrice Castle	Lockheed Hudson	?	?
082	Powis Castle	Swordfish	?	?
083	Bath Abbey	-	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4063
084	Reading Abbey	-	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4064
085	Evesham Abbey	-	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4065
086	Viscount Horne	-	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4066
087	Tintern Abbey	-	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4067
088	Llantony Abbey	-	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4068
089	Westminster Abbey	-	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4069
090	Neath Abbey	-	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4070
091	Cleve Abbey	-	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4071
092	Tresco Abbey	-	?	?	Rebuilt from Star Class 4072
093	Upton Castle	-	?	?
094	Tretower Castle	-	?	?
095	Barbury Castle	-	?	?
096	Bridgwater Castle	-	?	?
097	Sarum Castle	-	?	?
098	Clifford Castle	-	?	?
099	Compton Castle	-	?	?
000	Viscount Portal	-	?	?
001	Denbigh Castle	Sir James Milne	?	?
002	Devizes Castle	-	?	?
003	Elmley Castle	-	?	?
004	Eastnor Castle	-	?	?
005	Lamphey Castle	Sir Edward Elgar	?	?
006	Lydford Castle	-	?	?
007	Ogmore Castle	Great Western	?	?
008	Swansea Castle	-	?	?
009	Althelney Castle	-	?	?
010	Avondale Castle	-	?	?
011	Banbury Castle	-	?	?
012	Barry Castle	-	?	?
013	Bristol Castle	\|? \|? \| Swapped name & number with 4082 Windsor Castle in 1952
014	Caerhays Castle	-	?	?
015	Carn Brea Castle	-	?	?
016	Chester Castle	-	?	?
017	G. J. Churchward	-	?	?	Only Castle class name with full stops
018	Drysllwyn Castle	-	?	?
019	Fowey Castle	-	?	?
020	Gloucester Castle	-	?	?
021	Haverfordwest Castle	-	?	?
022	Hereford Castle	-	?	?
023	Penrice Castle	-	?	?
024	Powis Castle	-	?	?
025	Sudeley Castle	-	?	?
026	Tenby Castle	-	?	?
027	Thornbury Castle	-	?	?	Preserved
028	Cadbury Castle	-	1950	?
029	Clun Castle	-	1950	?	Last Castle to be withdrawn. Preserved
030	Cranbrook Castle	-	1950	?
031	Cromwell's Castle	-	1950	?
032	Denbigh Castle	-	1950	?
033	Hartlebury Castle	-	1950	?
034	Ince Castle	-	1950	?
035	Ogmore Castle	-	1950	?
036	Taunton Castle	-	1950	?
037	Swindon	-	1950	?

References

Collett & Hawksworth Locomotives—A Pictorial History, Brian Haresnape, Ian Allen Ltd, 1978, ISBN 0-7110-0869-8

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