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Filial PietyIn Confucian thought, filial piety (Xio (孝)) is one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors. More under Confucianism. In general terms, filial piety means to take care of ones parents; not be rebellious; show love, respect and support; display courtesy; see to that there would be male heirs; uphold fraternity among brothers; wisely advise ones parents; conceal their mistakes and; display sorrow for their sickness and death; and carry out sacrifices after their death. Xiao for Confucius was however not blind loyalty to ones parents. Above the norm of xiao were the norms of ren (benevolence) and yi (righteousness). For Confucius and Mencius, xiao was in fact foremost a display of ren and should ideally be applied in ones dealings with all elder, thus making it a general norm of intergenerational relations. In reality, however, xiao was usually reserved for ones own parents and grandparents and was often elevated above the notions of ren and yi.
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