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Ferromagnetic InteractionA ferromagnetic interaction acts to align spins. If the energy is expressed as the sum of all pairs, i, j, over an interaction term J(i,j), times the spin of atom i times the spin of atom j, J<0 is a ferromagnetic interaction (aligning spins leads to a lower total energy and is thus favorable energetically, although unfavorable entropically). J>0 is an antiferromagnetic interaction acting to anti-align neighboring spins. The combination of both can lead to spin glass behavior. See also
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