Extinction Coefficient

The parameter used to describe the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter is the complex index of refraction, , which is a combination of a real part and an imaginary part.
\tilde{n}=n-ik
Here, n is also called 'index of refraction' which sometime leads to confusion, and k is called the 'extinction coefficient'. In a dielectric material such as glass, none of the light is absorbed and therefore k = 0. Before a more detail definition of the extinction coefficient k is considered, let us first look at the absorption coefficient α. In a medium absorbing light, the decrease in intensiry I per unit lenght z is proportional to the value of I. In mathematical form this means:
\frac{dI\left( z \right)}{dz}={-\alpha I\left(z\right)}
where α is the absorption coefficient.
This can be integrated as:
{I\left(z \right)}={I_0 e^{-\alpha z}}
where I_0 is the value of the intensity at the surface of the absorbing medium.
The extinction coefficient k is then defined as
k={\frac{\lambda}{4\pi}}\alpha
where λ is the vacuum wavelength
Extinction coefficient Extinction coefficient

 

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