Ext Functor

In mathematics, the Ext functors of homological algebra are derived functors of \mathrm{Hom} functors. They were first used in algebraic topology, but are common in many areas of mathematics. More precisely, write \mathcal C=\mathbf{Mod}(R) for the category of module over R, a ring. Let A be in \mathcal C and set T(A)=\mathrm{Hom}_{\mathcal C}(A,B), for fixed B in \mathcal C. (This is a left exact functor (contravariant) so we want its right derived functors R^nT). To this end, define
\mathrm{Ext}_R^n(A,B)=(R^nT)(A),
i.e., take a projective resolution
P(A)\rightarrow A\rightarrow 0,
compute
0\rightarrow\mathrm{Hom}_{\mathcal C}(A,B)\rightarrow\mathrm{Hom}_{\mathcal C}(P(A),B),
and take the cohomology on the righthand side.

 

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