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ElectrospinningElectrospinning is a process by which fibers are drawn out from a viscous polymer/composite/sol-gel solution or melt by applying an electrical field to a droplet of the solution (most often at a metallic needle tip). The electrical field draws this droplet into a structure called a Taylor cone. If the viscosity and surface tension of the solution are appropriately tuned, varicose breakup is avoided (if there is varicose breakup electrospray occurs) and a stable jet is formed. A bending instability results in a whipping process which stretches and elongates this fiber until it has micron-scale or nano-scale diameters. The fiber is then deposited on a grounded collector. This process was patented by Formahls in 1934.
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