doxapram

bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" colspan="2" \| Doxapram
align="center" colspan="2" \| 1-ethyl-4-(2-morpholinoethyl)- 3,3-diphenyl-2-pyrrolidinone
CAS number 309-29-5	ATC code R07AB01
bgcolor="#eeeeee" \| Chemical formula	bgcolor="#ddeeff" \| CHNO
bgcolor="#eeeeee" \| Molecular weight	bgcolor="#ddeeff" \| 378.513
bgcolor="#eeeeee" \| Bioavailability	bgcolor="#ddeeff" \| ?
bgcolor="#eeeeee" \| Metabolism	bgcolor="#ddeeff" \| ?
bgcolor="#eeeeee" \| Elimination half-life	bgcolor="#ddeeff" \| ?
bgcolor="#eeeeee" \| Excretion	bgcolor="#ddeeff" \| ?
bgcolor="#eeeeee" \| Pregnancy category	bgcolor="#ddeeff" \| ?
bgcolor="#eeeeee" \| Legal status	bgcolor="#ddeeff" \| ?
bgcolor="#eeeeee" \| Routes of administration	bgcolor="#ddeeff" \| Intravenous

Doxapram hydrochloride (marketed as Dopram®) is an analeptic agent (a stimulant of the central nervous system). Administered intravenously, doxapram stimulates the respiratory rate, leading to an increase in tidal volume.

Mode of action

Doxapram stimulates chemoreceptors in the carotid arteries. This stimulates, indirectly, the respiratory centre in the brain stem.

Presentation

Doxapram is a white to off-white, odorless, crystalline powder that is stable in light and air. It is soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol and practically insolible in ether. Injectable products have a pH from 3.5-5. Benzyl alcohol or chlorobutanol is added as a preservative agent in the commercially available injections.

Uses

Doxapram is used in intensive care settings to stimulate the respiratory rate in patients with respiratory failure.

Side effects

High blood pressure, tachycardia (rapid heart rate), tremor, sweating and vomiting may occur. Convulsions have been reported. It cannot be used in patients with coronary heart disease, epilepsy and high blood pressure. It is also contraindicated in newborns and small children, mainly due to the presence of benzyl alcohol.

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