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Dong ZhongshuDong Zhongshu (Hanyu Pinyin Dong3 Zhong4shu1) (c.176 BCE - c.104 BCE) was a Han Dynasty Confucian scholar who successfully promoted the adoption of Confucianism as official ideology of the Chinese imperial state. Born in Guangchuan (in modern Hebei), he entered the imperial service during the reign of the Emperor Jing and rose to the rank of Prime Minister (cheng2xiang4) under the Emperor Wu. Dong Zhongshu's thought incorporated Yin Yang notions into a broadly Confucian framework. He emphasised the importance of the Spring and Autumn Annals as a source for both political and metaphysical ideas, following the tradition of the Gongyang Commentary in seeking hidden meanings from its text. Of Dong Zhongshu's works, only the Luxuriant Dew of the Spring and Autumn Annals survives, in a text that has been extensively revised and expanded by later authors. Several scholars now reject as later additions all passages that discuss five elements theory, despite a long tradition associating this theory with Dong Zhongshu. A biography contained in the Book of Han provides another important source of information on his life and thought. Dong Zhongshu Dong Zhongshu
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