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Anak Tomb No.3The Anak Tomb No.3 (安岳3號墳) is a chamber tomb of Goguryeo located in Anak-gun, South Hwanghae Province, North Korea. It is known for mural paintings and an epitaph. It is part of the Complex of Goguryeo Tombs. It was discovered in 1949 with valuable treasures having been stolen, but murals were kept in good condition. The man and woman painted there wear Chinese-style dresses and are considered the masters of the tomb. Its structure and murals are closer to those of Chinese tombs found in Liaoning than to those of Goguryeo. The Anak Tomb No.3 is one of few Goguryeo tombs that have epitaphs so that their dates can be determined. Its seven-lined epitaph contains the date 357, the personal name Dong Shou (冬壽), his title, his birthplace and his age at death. Accordingly, scholars generally regard this site as the tomb of Dong Shou. Although North Korean scholars claim that it is the mausoleum of King Micheon or King Gogugwon, such theories are not considered seriously outside North Korea. Dong Shou is identified as Tong Shou (佟壽), who is recorded in the Jinshou and Zizhi Tongjian. Originated in the Liaodong commandery, he served to Xianbei Emperor Murong Huang of the Former Yan. By order of the emperor, Commander Tong Shou attacked Huang's brother and rival Ren in Liaodong, but surrendered to Ren after being severely defeated. In 336, however, Murong Ren was killed by Huang and Tong Shou fled to Goguryeo. He spent the rest of life in Goguryeo. The epitaph reflects a complex situation Tong Shou, and Goguryeo, were put in. It uses Yonghe the era name of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in Southern China. He claimed various titles that were obviously nominal but indicates his leverage over Chinese in the Korean peninsula. Scholars associate one of his title of Minister of Lelang with the title of Duke of Lelang, which was bestowed on King Gogugwon by Emperor Murong Jun of the Former Yan. In short, Tong Shou was a vavasor of the Former Yan while he used the era name of the Eastern Jin. The Chinese in the former Lelang and Daifang commanderies seem to have enjoyed a high degree of autonomy and have taken the lead of the Goguryeo culture until they were absorbed by the natives.
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