Abortion Law

Abortion has been a controversial subject throughout history due to the moral and ethical issues that surround it. It has been regularly banned and otherwise limited, though abortions have continued to be commonplace in many areas where it is illegal. Almost 2/3 of the world’s women currently reside in countries where abortion may be obtained on request, for a broad range of social, economic or personal reasons. Abortion laws vary widely by country, ranging from Malta, which bans abortion entirely, to Canada, which places no restrictions on the provision of abortion whatsoever. Both supporters and opponents of legal abortion believe their position addresses a fundamental human right. In the abortion debate, the perceived rights of the fetus are uniquely pitted against a woman's perceived right to control her body.

History

Abortion and contraception have been widely available throughout the history of Western Civilization, despite ethical concerns. Plato and Aristotle both argued in favor of compulsory abortion under certain circumstances, though Hippocrates expressly disapproved of the practice. Under Roman law, life was said to begin at birth. Abortions were thus legal, though regulated to protect the rights of the father. References to abortion were included in the writings of Ovid, Seneca, Juvenal and Pliny, who included a list of abortifacients (drugs that induce an abortion) in one text. Early Christian philosophers, including St. Augustine, Ivo of Chartres and Gratian, disapproved of abortion when it broke the link between the sexual act and procreation, but argued that abortion of what Ivo termed an 'unformed embryo' did not constitute homicide. Religious authorities have taken various positions on abortion throughout history (see Religion and abortion). In 1588, Pope Sixtus V adopted a papal bull adopting the position of St. Thomas Aquinas that contraception and abortion were crimes against nature and sins against marriage. This verdict was relaxed three years later by Pope Gregory XIV, who pronounced that abortion before 'hominization' should not be subject to church penalties that were any stricter than civil penalties. Common law positions on abortion in individual countries varied significantly from country to country. English common law considered abortions before 'quickening' - when the movements of the fetus could first be felt by the mother - to be morally and legally acceptable. Many Western countries began to make abortion illegal in the 19th century. Anti-abortion forces were led by a combination of conservative groups opposed to abortion on moral grounds and medical professionals who were concerned about the danger presented by the procedure and the regular involvement of non-medical personnel in performing abortions. It became clear in the following years, however, that illegal abortions continued to take place in large numbers even where abortions were expressly illegal. It was difficult to obtain sufficient evidence to prosecute the mothers and doctors, and judges and juries were often reluctant to convict. For instance: Dr. Henry Morgentaler was never convicted by a jury. Many were also outraged at the invasion of privacy and the medical problems resulting from abortions taking place illegally in medically dangerous circumstances. Political movements soon coalesced around the legalization of abortion and liberalization of existing laws. By the early 20th century, many countries had begun to legalize abortions when performed to protect the life of the mother, and in some cases to protect the health of the mother. Under Vladimir Lenin, the Soviet Union legalized all abortions in 1920, but this was fully reversed in 1936 by Joseph Stalin in order to increase population growth. Iceland was the first Western country to legalize therapeutic abortion under limited circumstances, doing so in 1935, and the earliest country to do so without recriminalizing it later. Only a handful of countries - mostly in Scandinavia decriminalized abortion before Britain in 1967. Others soon followed, including Canada (1969), the United States (1973 in most states), France (1975), West Germany (1976), New Zealand (1977), Italy (1978) and the Netherlands (1980).

Related Topics

Current Status

The following is a table of the current state of abortion law by individual countries. Actual access to abortions may vary significantly on the basis of geography, income and cost, health care, social factors, and other issues. Many jurisdictions also place other restrictions on abortion access, including waiting periods, the provision of information, the assent of multiple doctors and spousal or parental notification.

Legend

  • Yes - Legal
  • No - Illegal
  • * - Legal during 1st trimester only (exact date may vary)
  • # - Legal during 1st and 2nd trimester only (exact date may vary)
  • Restricted - Legal but subject to significant restrictions
  • Varies - Varies by region
  • ? - Information is unavailable or the law is too ambiguous
o Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Albania" title="Albania">Albania Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria Yes # # No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Angola" title="Angola">Angola * No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Antigua" title="Antigua">Antigua * No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina Yes Yes Yes ? No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia # # # # # # *
a href="/encyclopedia/Australia" title="Australia">Australia Yes Varies Varies Varies Varies Varies Varies
a href="/encyclopedia/Austria" title="Austria">Austria Yes Yes Yes * Yes * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes *
a href="/encyclopedia/Bahamas" title="Bahamas">Bahamas Yes Yes Yes ? ? No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh Yes * * * * * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Belize" title="Belize">Belize Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No
a href="/encyclopedia/Benin" title="Benin">Benin Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
a href="/encyclopedia/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia Yes Yes ? Yes No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Bosnia-and-Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil Yes No No Yes No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria Yes # * * Yes * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Burkina-Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso Yes Yes Yes * Yes No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi Yes Yes ? No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon Yes Yes ? Yes No No No
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/Canada" title="Canada">Canada Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Cape-Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde Yes Yes Yes * Yes * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Central-African-Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Chad" title="Chad">Chad Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Chile" title="Chile">Chile No No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/China" title="China">China Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros Yes Yes ? No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Congo-(Brazzaville)" title="Congo (Brazzaville)">Congo (Brazzaville) Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Congo-(Kinshasa)" title="Congo (Kinshasa)">Congo (Kinshasa) Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Cook-Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Costa-Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica Yes Yes ? No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ? No
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/Czech-Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic # # * * # * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti Yes ? ? No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Dominican-Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador Yes Yes ? Restricted No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt Restricted No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/El-Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador No No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Equatorial-Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea Yes Yes ? No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea Yes Yes ? No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia Yes Yes ? No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji Yes Yes Yes ? ? Yes No
a href="/encyclopedia/Finland" title="Finland">Finland Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No
a href="/encyclopedia/France" title="France">France Yes Yes Yes * Yes * *
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Gambia" title="Gambia">Gambia Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Georgia-(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia # # # # # # *
a href="/encyclopedia/Germany" title="Germany">Germany Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Greece" title="Greece">Greece Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau Yes * * * * * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana Yes * * * * * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti Yes ? No ? ? No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras Restricted No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No
a href="/encyclopedia/India" title="India">India Yes Yes # # # # No
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Iran" title="Iran">Iran Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq Restricted No No No Restricted No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Israel" title="Israel">Israel Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Italy" title="Italy">Italy Yes Yes Yes * Yes * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica Restricted Restricted Restricted No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Japan" title="Japan">Japan # # # # # # No
a href="/encyclopedia/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan # # # # # # *
a href="/encyclopedia/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya Restricted Restricted Restricted No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait Restricted Restricted Restricted No Restricted No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan # # # # # # *
a href="/encyclopedia/Laos" title="Laos">Laos Yes No No No No No No
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Libya" title="Libya">Libya Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted No
a href="/encyclopedia/Republic-of-Macedonia" title="Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia (F.Y.R.) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi Restricted No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia * * * No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives Restricted Restricted No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Mali" title="Mali">Mali Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Malta" title="Malta">Malta No No No No No No No
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/Marshall-Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands Restricted No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico * No No * No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes *
a href="/encyclopedia/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia Restricted Restricted * * * * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco * * * No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru Restricted Restricted Restricted No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua Yes ? No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Niger" title="Niger">Niger Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Niue" title="Niue">Niue Yes ? ? No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/North-Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Norway" title="Norway">Norway Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Oman" title="Oman">Oman Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Palau" title="Palau">Palau Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Panama" title="Panama">Panama Yes Yes No * Yes No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Papua-New-Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea * * * No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Peru" title="Peru">Peru Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Poland" title="Poland">Poland Yes Yes * * * No No
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal * * * * * No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar Yes Yes Yes No Restricted No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Romania" title="Romania">Romania Yes Yes * * * * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Russia" title="Russia">Russia # # # # # # *
a href="/encyclopedia/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Saint-Kitts" title="Saint Kitts">Saint Kitts Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Saint-Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Saint-Vincent-and-the-Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No
a href="/encyclopedia/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/San-Marino" title="San Marino">San Marino Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/So-Tom-and-Prncipe" title="So Tom and Prncipe">So Tom and Prncipe * No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia Restricted Restricted Restricted No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Serbia-and-Montenegro" title="Serbia and Montenegro">Serbia and Montenegro Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles * * * * * No No
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/Sierra-Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore Yes Yes Yes # # # #
a href="/encyclopedia/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia # # * # # * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Solomon-Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands Restricted No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/South-Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa # # # # # # *
a href="/encyclopedia/South-Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted
a href="/encyclopedia/Spain" title="Spain">Spain Yes Yes Yes * # No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Sri-Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan Yes No No No Yes No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Swaziland" title="Swaziland">Swaziland Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland Yes Yes Yes No No No No
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/Syria" title="Syria">Syria Restricted No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan # # # # # # *
a href="/encyclopedia/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Togo" title="Togo">Togo * ? ? ? ? No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Trinidad-and-Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia * * * * * * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey Restricted Restricted Restricted * Restricted * *
a href="/encyclopedia/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan # # # # # # *
a href="/encyclopedia/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/United-Arab-Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates Restricted No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine # # # # # # *
a href="/encyclopedia/United-Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom # # # No # # No
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
a href="/encyclopedia/United-States" title="United States">United States Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Varies
a href="/encyclopedia/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay Yes Yes * * No * No
a href="/encyclopedia/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan # # # # # # *
a href="/encyclopedia/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu Yes Yes Yes No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Vatican-City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City No No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
a href="/encyclopedia/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen Yes No No No No No No
a href="/encyclopedia/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No
a href="/encyclopedia/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No
ountry To Protect Mother's Life Physical Health Mental Health Rape Fetal Defects Socio-economic factors On Demand
*

 

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