Western Apache

• Cibeque,
• Northern Tonto,
• Southern Tonto,
• San Carlos, and
• White Mountain.

• San Carlos,
• White Mountain, and
• Dilzhę́.

Links

• Western Apache-English Dictionary (White Mountain)
• White Mountain Apache Tribe (Arizona Intertribal Council)
• San Carlos Apache Tribe (Arizona Intertribal Council)
• Tonto Apache Tribe (Arizona Intertribal Council)
• Yavapai-Apache Nation Official Website
• Yavapai-Apache Nation (Arizona Intertribal Council)
• White Mountain Apache Tribe
• White Mountain Apache photographs
• map of Fort Apache Reservation
• photos & fact about White Mountain Apaches & Fort Apache Reservation a nice site
• Puberty Ceremony of White Mountain Apaches (information & photo)
• Simplied Apache Pronunciation
• Apache myths and other texts
• Grenville Goodwin's preface to Myths and Tales of the White Mountain Apache
• Issues in Language Textbook Development: The Case of Western Apache
• White Mountain Apache Language: Issues in Language Shift, Textbook Development, and Native Speaker-University Collaboration
• Western Apache vocabulary word list
• The Gift of Changing Woman (questia.com)

References & Recommend Reading

Culture

• Basso, Keith H. (1969). Western Apache witchcraft. Anthropological Papers of the University of Arizona, (No. 15). Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
• Basso, Keith H. (1970). The Cibecue Apache. Case Studies in Cultural Anthropology. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. ISBN 0-03083171-7
• Basso, Keith H. (1979). Portraits of "the whiteman": Linguistic play and Cultural symbols among the Western Apache. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-52129593-9
• Basso, Keith H. (1996). Wisdom sits in places: Landscape and language among the Western Apache. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 0-82631724-3
• Goodwin, Grenville. (1939). Myth and tales of the White Mountain Apache. Memoirs of the American Folk-Lore Society, (Vol. 33). New York: American Folk-Lore Society (J. J. Augustin). ISBN 0-81651451-8
• Goodwin, Grenville. (1942). The social organization of the Western Apache. Goodwin, Janice T.(Ed.). The University of Chicago publications in anthropology: Ethnological series. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. 1969 by Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
• Goodwin, Grenville. (1971). Western Apache raiding and warfare. Basso, Keith H. (Ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. ISBN 0-81650297-8
• Goodwin, Grenville; & Opler, Morris E. (1973). Grenville Goodwin among the Western Apache: Letters from the field. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. ISBN 0-81650417-2
• Gordon, Steve; Martin, Deborah; & Perry, Edgar. (1998). Ancient power Disc Recording. Topanga, CA: Sequoia Records.
• Kaut, Charles R. (1957). The Western Apache clan system: Its origins and development. University of New Mexico publications in anthropology, (#9). Albuquerque: University of New Mexico.
• Perry, Edgar. (1992). Oral history Recording. In T. Scott, B. Young, H. Cordero, C. Lomahaftewa, J. Ben, E. Perry, E. Salmon, (1949-1995), Film, video and audio collection. open archival collection.
• Roberts, Helen H. (1929). Basketry of the San Carlos Apache. Anthropology papers of the American Museum of Natural History, (Vol. 31, Part 2). New York City: The American Museum of Natural History.

Language

pedagogical

• Arizona State University & American Indian Language Development Institute. (1983). Nohwiyati language. SIL.
• Bunney, Curtis. (1974). Nnee baa nadaagoni stories. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District.
• Bunney, Curtis. (1974). Oshii bigonshaa. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District.
• Bunney, Curtis. (n.d.). Apache Workbook l: Oshii bigonshaa. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District.
• Bunney, Curtis. (n.d.). Nnee dii kehgo daagoląąni. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District.
• Bunney, Curtis. (n.d.). The Little Red Hen (and other stories): Chaghashe bi nagonie. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District.
• Bunney, Curtis; & and Crowder, Jack. (1972). Western Apache Series. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District. booklets.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). The cactus boy: Hosh nteel ishkiin. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Chaghsh tgi three children. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Danjii nadaagohilnh read we play. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Doo hant dalke da. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Goshii: Sh Mary nshlii: Goshii. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Haigo: Zas nal. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Idiistsag, goshii: hear, I see. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Kih nagodenk: Kih diltli. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Mary hike tloh bilgo. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Nnee khgo onltag bigonla to count in Apache. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Sh nnee nshlii. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Shgo shil nlt. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Shiyo ts dotlizhi alza peridot necklace. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Stephen hike nainniih and the airplane. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Tahbiy morning. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Tloh t yidlaa. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). Tulgay ligayi: Tulagay bijaa igodi white donkey. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). The wild animals: Its. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Crowder, Jack L. (1972). language readers. San Carlos, AZ.
• Edgerton, Faye E.; & Hill, Faith. (1958). Primer, (Vols. 1-2). Glendale, AZ.
• Goode, Phillip. (1985). Apache language course and lesson plans for Globe High School: Grades 9-12. manuscript.
• Goode, Phillip. (1996). Total physical response sentences from Asher (1982) translated into San Carlos Apache, with commentary by Willem J. de Reuse. manuscript.
• Johnson, James B.; Lavender, Bonnie; Malone, Beverley; Bead, Christina; & Clawson, Curry. (n.d.). Yati' nakih languages: Kindergarten bi naltsoos choh big book. Title VII Bilingual Education Program Kindergarten Curriculum Manual. Fort Apache, AZ: White Mountain Apache Tribe.
• Malone, Wesley; Malone, Beverly; & Quintero, Canyon Z. (1983). New keys to reading and writing Apache, (rev. ed.). Fort Apache, AZ: White Mountain Apache Culture Center.
• Perry, Edgar. (1989). Apache picture dictionary. Fort Apache, AZ: White Mountain Apache Culture Center.
• Perry, Edgar; & Quintero, Canyon Z. (1972). Now try reading these. Fort Apache, AZ: Apache Culture Center.
• Quintero, Canyon Z. (1972). Keys to reading Apache. Fort Apache, AZ: White Mountain Apache Culture Center.
• de Reuse, Willem J. (forthcoming). A practical grammar of the San Carlos Apache language.
• de Reuse, Willem J.; & Adley-SantaMaria, Bernadette. (1996). Ndee biyti bgochilaah Apache: An introductory textbook in the White Mountain Apache language for non-speakers. manuscript.
• de Reuse, Willem J.; & Goode, Phillip. (1996). Nnee biyati ynltigo Apache: An introductory textbook in the San Carlos Apache language for non-speakers. manuscript.
• Steele, Lola; Smith, Dorothy; & Bunney, Curtis. (n.d.). ''Nnee D Kehgo Daagolii ni used to live this way. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Steele, Lola; Smith, Dorothy; & Bunney, Curtis. (n.d.). Osh bgonshaa learn to read. San Carlos, AZ: Rice School District No. 20.
• Uplegger, Francis J. (1966). Red man and white man in harmony: Songs in Apache and English. San Carlos, AZ: Lutheran Indian Mission.
• White Mountain Apache Culture Center. (1972). Apache months. Fort Apache, AZ: White Mountain Apache Culture Center.
• White Mountain Apache Culture Center. (1972). Apache plants. Fort Apache, AZ: White Mountain Apache Culture Center.
• White Mountain Apache Culture Center. (1972). Keys to reading and writing Apache. Fort Apache, AZ: White Mountain Apache Culture Center.
• White Mountain Apache Culture Center. (1972). Writing Apache. Fort Apache, AZ: White Mountain Apache Culture Center.
• Wycliffe Bible Translators. (1900). Apache reader.

linguistics & other reference

• Basso, Keith H. (1979). Portraits of "the whiteman": Linguistic play and cultural symbols among the Western Apache. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-52129593-9.
• Basso, Keith H. (1990). Western Apache language and culture: Essays in lingustic anthropology. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. ISBN 0-81651323-6.
• Basso, Keith H. (1996). Wisdom sits in places: Landscape and language among the Western Apache. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 0-82631724-3.
• Bourke, John G.; & Condie, Carole J. (1990). Vocabulary of the Apache or ’Indé language of Arizona and New Mexico. Occasional publications in anthropology: Linguistic series, (no. 7). Greenley, CO: Museum of Anthropology, University of Northern Colorado.
• Bray, Dorothy, & White Mountain Apache Tribe. (1998). Western Apache-English dictionary: A community-generated bilingual dictionary. Tempe, AZ: Bilingual Press. ISBN 0-927534-79-7.
• Goddard, Pliny E. (1918). Myths and tales from the San Carlos Apache. Anthropological papers of the American Museum of Natural History, (Vol. 24, Part 1). New York: The American Museum of Natural History.
• Goddard, Pliny E. (1919). Myths and tales from the White Mountain Apache. Anthropological papers of the American Museum of Natural History, (Vol. 24, Part 2). New York: The American Museum of Natural History.
• Goddard, Pliny E. (1919). San Carlos Apache texts. Anthropological papers of the American Museum of Natural History, (Vol. 24, Part 3). New York: The American Museum of Natural History.
• Goddard, Pliny E. (1920). White Mountain Apache texts. Anthropological papers of the American Museum of Natural History, (Vol. 24, Part 4). New York: The American Museum of Natural History.
• Gordon, Matthew; Potter, Brian; Dawson, John; de Reuse, Willem; & Ladefoged, Peter. (2001). Phonetic structures of Western Apache. International Journal of American Linguistics, 67(4), 415-481.
• Perry, Edgar. (1972). Western Apache dictionary. Fort Apache, AZ: White Mountain Apache Culture Center.
• Plocher, Johannes & Eilers, Herman. (1893). English Apache dictionary: Containing a vocabulary of the San Carlos Apache, also some White Mount. terms, and many sentences illustrating the use of the words. manuscript.
• de Reuse, Willem J. (forthcoming). A practical grammar of the San Carlos Apache language.
• de Reuse, Willem J. (2004). communication.
• Uplegger, Francis J. (1899-1964). Papers. material.
• Uplegger, Francis J. (1900). Apache dictionary. unpublished.
• Uplegger, Francis J. (1911). My life, how should it proceed. San Carlos, AZ ?: Evangelical Lutheran Mission.
• Uplegger, Francis J. (1940-1960). Apache language songbook. archival material.

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