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Tukulor WarTukulor War also called Amadou's Jihad or Ahmadu's Jihad was a religious war fought from 1810 to 1818 in Western Africa roughly around area what is present-day state of Mali. Amadou Lobbo (1775-1844), a Fulani Muslim leader in West Africa, overthrew the ruling Fulani dynasty of the Macina region of what is now Mali and created a new theocratic state with its capital at Hamdallahi. Amadou was probably influenced by the teachings of the Islamic reformer Usman dan Fodio and his jihad. The circumstances in which Amadou's own movement was born were very similar to those that had occasioned the jihad in Hausaland. Initially, Amadou established an independent Muslim community were he gave expression to his fundamentalist Islamic views and he preached in favor of a jihad of his own. Amadou's views brought him into conflict with his local, pagan Fulani chief, who called for help from his suzerain, the Bambara king of Segu. The result was a general uprising under Amadou that established a theocratic Muslim Fulani state throughout Macina and extended to both the ancient Muslim centers of Djenn and Tombouctou. Amadou's jihad was probably continuous from 1810 through 1818. However, some sources suggest two events, one in 1810 and another in 1818. One estimate suggests a total of 10,000 deaths resulting from this jihad. The rule of Amadou's family continued under his successors, Amadou II and Amadou III, until the latter was defeated by al-Hajj 'Umar in 1862.
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