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Towns Of ScaniaThe notion of towns and cities in Scania is somewhat problematic or controversial, as the Scanian usage of the Swedish terms for city/town and village differ somewhat from that in the rest of Sweden, and may be considered related to the Danish usage. Unfortunately, this causes sometimes considerable confusion, not the least in the context of translations from Swedish. The Swedish term for town/city, stad, is by the Scanians primarily used for towns chartered with full town privileges before the industrial revolution. The Swedish term for village, by, similar to the Danish word for town/city, is in many context used for most other built-up areas, including them with a known history of over 1,000 years (as for instance Dalby), small hamlets, and large suburbs as long as detached houses dominate. In more official contexts, the Swedish terms samhlle and ttort/centralort may be used instead of the term by that by many Swedes rather would be interpreted as "hamlet". An intermediate position is occupied by towns chartered without full town-privileges, cf. market towns, originally with the now obsoleted term kping in Swedish, and those chartered in the late 19th to 20th century. In a Scanian mindset, a "real" town is primarily characterized by a long history, evidenced by old architecture, winding streets echoing the town's organic growth, and main roads running from a central square to neighbouring towns. In ordinary conversations and in news paper prose, a characterization of these newer or lesser towns as either towns or villages is typically avoided whenever possible, but if necessary smstad ("small-town") or ttort ("locality") may be considered appropriate. The towns lost their function as administrative entities in 1971, when they were replaced by the unitary authorities, which became the Municipalities of Sweden. The towns retains some symbolic tokens of their former liberties, such as using a mural crown in their coats of arms. So defined, the following towns in Scania are typically perceived as "stad" in Swedish, and might best be translated to city in English: - Lund (chartered approximately 990), historically the cultural centre of Scania and for extended times of all of Scandinavia
- Helsingborg (chartered in 1085), of strategic importance at the neck of The Sound
- Skanr and Falsterbo (chartered approximately 1200), situated at the southern entrance to The Sound, of particular importance in medieval times, widely renowned for the annual herring market from which salted herring was delivered to the Hanseatic towns on the European continent
- Ystad (chartered approximately 1200), harbour at the Baltic Sea and traditionally the principal port to the European continent
- Trelleborg (chartered approximately 1200), harbour at the Baltic Sea of importance already in pre-historical times
- Malm (chartered approximately 1250), established as the fortified harbour of Lund, within a few centuries arguably the richest and most important town in Scania
- Simrishamn (chartered approximately 1300), sole town on Scania's eastern shore, principal port to the large island of Bornholm, that until 1660 was an integrate part of Terra Scania
- Landskrona (chartered in 1413), good natural harbour between Malm and Helsingborg, considered as the best site for a regional capital
- Kristianstad (chartered in 1622), erected as a castle against the threatening Swedes, the last town to be chartered before the decline that followed the cession to Sweden
The town of hus was chartered approximately 1200 at the mouth of Helge where the archbichopric had built a castle at the harbour on Scania's eastern shore. The town suffered from the Danish reformation (in 1536) and even more from plunderings during extended Swedish–Danish wars of the 15th–17th centuries. The town was moved (or the privileges were) to Kristianstad in 1617. The town of ngelholm was chartered 1516–1547, originally erected when moved the three kilometres from the natural harbour of Luntertun. ngelholm was of strategic importance at the North-Western entrance to Scania, at a bridge over Rnne . ngelholm was granted full town-privileges again in 1767, but remained insignificant for long. In the early 19th century, its population was less than 500. Although ngelholm today is larger than many older cities, the town is rather perceived as one of the "intermediate" towns that isn't really called a stad by the Scanians. Similarly, others of the towns listed above may be considered towns and not cities according to locals, which is a "problem" that occurs only in English, not in Swedish. The judicial relevance of the notion of towns was abolished in 1971, which was generally interpreted as an official abolition of the very term town. Since the 1990s, many of the municipalities centred on the historical towns listed above have successfully reintroduced the notion of town, and in some cases officially changed their name to Malm stad (the City of Malm) and equivalents. Another route is taken by the municipality of Staffanstorp, that from the 1990s actively has promoted the construction of neighbourhoods with streets and architecture that looks similar to century-old houses in towns of Holland, Denmark and northern Germany. That is how a town-centre in Staffanstorp (population 13,500) is erected as well as the new medieval-inspired Jakriborg district of Hjrup, planned for 1,300 apartments. This might, in due time, change the common perception of Staffanstorp and Hjrup from that of villages to that of (small-) towns. Towns in order of size Below is a list of Scanian towns with a population greater than 2,000 (as of 2000). In those cases when municipal borders cross through a town, it's counted to the municipality the largest part belongs to. Municipalities are noted in parenthesis, except when the municipality carry the name of the town. In the case of conurbations, the given size is the total size. - Malm & Arlv¹, 248,520
- Helsingborg, 87,914
- Lund, 73,840
- Kristianstad, 31,592
- Landskrona, 27,393
- Trelleborg, 24,850
- ngelholm, 21,716
- Hssleholm, 17,289
- Ystad, 16,851
- Eslv, 15,521
- Staffanstorp², 13,596
- Hgans, 13,401
- Hllviken², 9,387 (Vellinge Municipality)
- Oxie², 9,242 (Malm Municipality)
- Svedala, 9,085
- hus, 8,681 (Kristianstad Municipality)
- Bjrred², 8,374 (Lomma Municipality)
- Lomma², 8,373
- storp, 8,007
- Kvlinge², 8,006
- Klippan, 7,402
- Bromlla, 7,333
- Hr², 7,176
- Skanr² & Falsterbo², 7,087 (Vellinge Municipality)
- Osby, 6,903
- Skurup, 6,615
- Hrby, 6,421
- Simrishamn, 6,319
- Sjbo, 6,270
- Bjuv, 6,228
- Vellinge², 5,973
- Tomelilla, 5,946
- Sdra Sandby², 5,586 (Lund Municipality)
- Dalby², 5,469 (Lund Municipality)
- karp², 5,339 (Burlv Municipality)
- Perstorp, 5,321
- Lddekpinge², 5,173 (Kvlinge Municipality)
- Bunkeflostrand², 5,114 (Malm Municipality)
- dkra, 4,839 (Helsingborg Municipality)
- Bstad, 4,683
- Tyringe, 4,606 (Hssleholm Municipality)
- rkelljunga, 4,416
- Rydebck², 4,287 (Helsingborg Municipality)
- Vinslv, 3,818 (Hssleholm Municipality)
- Hittarp², 3,664 (Helsingborg Municipality)
- Veberd², 3,569 (Lund Municipality)
- Furulund², 3,517 (Kvlinge Municipality)
- Hjrup², 3,402 (Staffanstorp Municipality)
- Bara², 3,289 (Svedala Municipality)
- Viken, 3,269 (Hgans Municipality)
- Tollarp, 3,174 (Kristianstad Municipality)
- Knislinge, 3,130 (stra Ginge Municipality)
- Svalv, 3,071
- Ekeby, 2,983 (Bjuv Municipality)
- Broby, 2,955 (stra Ginge Municipality)
- Hofterup², 2,931 (Kvlinge Municipality)
- Vejbystrand, 2,714 (ngelholm Municipality)
- Munka-Ljungby, 2,702 (ngelholm Municipality)
- Billesholm, 2,688 (Bjuv Municipality)
- Brslv², 2,664 (Helsingborg Municipality)
- Parp², 2,652 (Helsingborg Municipality)
- Bjrnum, 2,636 (Hssleholm Municipality)
- Genarp², 2,512 (Lund Municipality)
- Hljarp², 2,511 (Landskrona Municipality)
- Ljunghusen², 2,253 (Vellinge Municipality)
- Frslv, 2,058 (Bstad Municipality)
Notes
¹/ Arlv is the center of the Burlv Municipality, but as Arlv constitutes a conurbation with Malm, Arlv is in this table counted as a neighbourhood of Malm.
²/ Today chiefly detached house suburbs within the West-Scanian metropolitan area reaching from Mlle in the North-West to Ystad in the South-East.
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