schwinger model

In physics, the Schwinger model, named after Julian Schwinger, is the model describing 2D Euclidean quantum electrodynamics with a Dirac fermion. This model exhibits a spontaneous symmetry breaking of the U(1) symmetry due to a chiral condensate due to a pool of instantons. The photon now becomes a massive particle. This model can be solved exactly and is used as a toy model for other more complex theories. This model exhibits confinement of the fermions and as such, is a toy model for QCD. A handwaving argument why this is so is because in two dimensions, classically, the potential between two charged particles goes linearly, instead of 1/r in 4 dimensions.

<< Previous

Word Browser

Next >>

social democracy
john crowe ransom
united baltic duchy
germany in the eurovision song contest 1956
li lanqing
hemant lakhani
el misti
allen tate
cornish nationalism
phaistos
nankan

jos bustamante y rivero
intranet strategies
catharine parr traill
pharmacy
mao suit
desventuradas islands
thorvald stauning
online auction business model
maguindanao
tunnel rat
garth ennis

the amethyst ring (book)
lanao del sur
arthur rubinstein
search and destroy
otis spann
south cotabato
espiritu santo
afghanistan timeline 1951 1955
quantitative genetics
sultan kudarat
port jackson

sarangani
phylogeography
norris poulson
cotabato province
autecology
synecology
pete reiser
antonio carlos jobim
gorgoroth
ered lithui
carpathian forest