Privilegium Maius
The
Privilegium Maius
was a document forged at the behest of
Duke
Rudolf IV of Austria
(
1358
-
1365
), which was essentially a modified version of the
Privilegium Minus
of
1156
, which had elevated
Austria
to a
Duchy
. In the Privilegium Maius, Austria was declared an
Archduchy
and endowed with rights similar to those of the
electors
of the
Holy Roman Empire
, such as:
inseparability of the territory;
automatic
inheritance
of the first-born (later extended to female heirs in the
Pragmatic Sanction
);
independent
jurisdiction
, without any possibility to
appeal
to the
Emperor
;
permission to display certain symbols of rule.
The Privilegium Maius consists of five forged deeds, some of which purported to have been issued by
Caesar
and
Nero
. Emperor
Charles IV
refused to confirm the Privilegium Maius. Only the
Habsburg
emperor
Frederick III
did so in
1453
, as did
Rudolf II
and
Charles VI
. With the dissolution of the
Holy Roman Empire
in
1806
, it finally lost its meaning. In
1856
, it was identified as a
forgery
.
Also see:
Privilegium Minus
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