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Palatal Nasal IPA - Unicode> | align="center" style="font-size: 24px"| | | IPA - image | align="center"| | | X-SAMPA | align="center"|J | | Kirshenbaum | align="center"|n^ | | colspan="2"|Sound sample | The palatal nasal is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is J. The IPA symbol is a lowercase letter n with a leftward-pointing tail protruding from the bottom of the left stem of the letter. Compare n and . The symbol should not be confused with , the symbol for the retroflex nasal, which has a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of the right stem or with , the symbol for the velar nasal, which has a leftward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of the right stem. Features of this consonant: In some dialects of English, the sequence /nj/ is sometimes realized as the palatal nasal, via coalescence, a type of assimilation. For example, onion () might be realized as or canyon () might be realized as . However, there are no minimal pairs for /nj/ and /ɲ/, so the palatal nasal is not a separate phoneme in English. In other languages The palatal nasal is fairly common in Romance languages. Catalan has the palatal nasal as a phoneme, and it is denoted by "ny". The Eastern dialects of Finnish, but not the standard language, retain the feature of palatalization, and the palatal nasal the palatalized version of "n". When the palatal nasal is in the position where standard Finnish would use "ni", it is commonly written "nj", e.g. mnj mæɲ, cf. standard language meni meni. French has the palatal nasal as a phoneme, and it is denoted by "gn". Italian has the palatal nasal as a phoneme, and it is denoted by "gn", as in gnocchi (a type of pasta). Portuguese has the palatal nasal as a phoneme, and it is denoted by "nh", as in manh (morning). Spanish has the palatal nasal as a phoneme, and it is denoted by "", as in maana (morning). Slavic languages The sound also occurs in Slavic languages, for example in Belarusian (нь, ń) and Polish (ń).
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