list of laws in science

This is a list of physical laws discovered by science.

Boyle's Law (pressure and volume of ideal gas)
Charles & Gay-Lussac (gases expand equally with the same change of temperature)
Ideal Gas Law PV=nRT
Dulong-Petit law (specific heat capacity at constant volume)

c_V = \frac{3R} {M}

Einstein

Relativity

E = mc^2

(Energy = mass × speed of light²)

Newton's laws of motion (inertia, F = ma, action and reaction)
Law of heat conduction
General law of gravitation (universal gravitation force)

F_g = \frac{Gm_1m_2} {r^2}

Coulomb's law

F = \frac{\left|q_1 q_2\right|}{4 \pi \epsilon_0 r^2}

Ohm's Law

V = IR

Kirchhoff's Laws (current and voltage laws)
Maxwell's equations (electric and magnetic fields):

{\|
Name	\|Partial Differential form
Gauss's law:	\| $\nabla \cdot \mathbf{D} = \rho$

Gauss's law for magnetism:	\| $\nabla \cdot \mathbf{B} = 0$
Faraday's law of induction:	\| $\nabla \times \mathbf{E} = -\frac{\partial \mathbf{B}} {\partial t}$
Ampere's law + Maxwell's extension:	\| $\nabla \times \mathbf{H} = \mathbf{J} + \frac{\partial \mathbf{D}} {\partial t}$	}

Navier-Stokes equations of fluid dynamics

-\nabla p +

\mu \left( \nabla^2 \mathbf{u} + {1 \over 3} \nabla (\nabla \cdot \mathbf{u} ) \right) + \rho \mathbf{u} = \rho \left( { \partial\mathbf{u} \over \partial t} + \mathbf{u} \cdot \nabla \mathbf{u} \right)

Poiseuille's law (voluminal laminar stationary flow of incompressible uniform viscous liquid through a cylindrical tube with the constant circular cross-section)

\Phi_{V} = {\pi r^{4}\over 8 \eta} { \triangle p^{\star} \over l}

Radiation laws

Planck's law of black body radiation (spectral density in a radiation of a black-body)
Wien's law (wavelength of the peak of the emission of a black body) :λ₀T = k_w
Stefan-Boltzmann law (total radiation from a black body)

j^{\star} = \sigma T^4

Thermodynamics

Onsager reciprocal relations - sometimes called the Fourth Law of Thermodynamics

\mathbf{J}_{u} = L_{uu}\, \nabla(1/T) - L_{ur}\, \nabla(m/T) \!

; and

\mathbf{J}_{r} = L_{ru}\, \nabla(1/T) - L_{rr}\, \nabla(m/T) \!

Buys-Ballot's law (wind travels counterclockwise around low pressure systems in the Northern Hemisphere)

List Of Laws In Science

See also