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Kennebecasis RiverThe Kennebecasis River, pronounced ke-ne-buh-KAY-sis, is located in southern New Brunswick, Canada. It runs for approximately 97 kilometres, draining an area in the Caledonia Highlands (an extension of the Appalachian Mountains), inland from the Bay of Fundy. The river's source is in the foothills of Albert County, near the rural community of Goshen. It runs southwest through the community of Penobsquis; several tributaries join the river in the town of Sussex several kilometres further west. Between Sussex and the river's junction with the Saint John River at Millidgeville (part of Saint John), the Kennebecasis River runs through a well-defined river valley which has become one of the primary land transportation routes in the southern part of the province, hosting the Route 1 expressway and the CN railway line to the port of Saint John. The upper 2/3 of the Kennebecasis River passes through pastoral rural countryside consisting of Acadian mixed forest and various agricultural areas, notably the dairy farms around Sussex. Southwest of Sussex, the river becomes increasingly larger as it passes the communities of Norton and Hampton, before it empties into a delta-like area called the 'Hampton Marsh'. West of Hampton, the Kennebecasis flows in a broad fjord-like glacial valley which defines the southern side of the Kingston Peninsula. At its junction with the Saint John River, the Kennebecasis River helps to form 'Grand Bay'. Several large islands can be found in the river, such as 'Kennebecasis Island' just off-shore from Summerville on the Kingston Peninsula, and uninhabited 'Long Island', located near Rothesay. Lower Kennebecasis River valley The communities of Nauwigewauck, Quispamsis and Rothesay become increasingly urban as the river approaches its junction with the Saint John River. The lower Kennebecasis River valley is largely a suburban/exurban region for Saint John. The area is outside the summer 'fog belt' for the Bay of Fundy and enjoys more sunshine year-round than Saint John. Highway development in the 1960s has resulted in uncontrolled sprawl throughout this area of southern Kings County. "The Valley", as the lower Kennebecasis River valley is called by local residents, has experienced dramatic growth over the past several decades. Once a minor dormitory suburb of the Saint John area, the towns of Rothesay and Quispamsis constitute a moderately-sized population centre with some commercial development. Saint John, in contrast, has suffered erosion of its tax base and commercial base as both population and businesses have migrated to this suburban area. The Kingston Peninsula is isolated from such sprawl problems by the Kennebecasis River, although two ferry services cross the river at Gondola Point-Reeds Point, and Millidgeville (Turners Flats)-Summerville. A third ferry service connects Summerville to Kennebecasis Island. The Kennebecasis River valley communities have a rich history, having come to prominence during the late 1800s following construction of the European and North American Railway which allowed for easier travel between Saint John and Moncton. Over the ensuing decades, the lower Kennebecasis River valley became a summer vacation destination for wealthy Maritimers, Americans, and central Canadians. It is also a popular cruising destination for recreational boating as a result of its connection with the navigable portions of the Saint John River.
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