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July 17July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 167 days remaining. Events - 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa, executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world.
- 1762 - Catherine II becomes tzar of Russia upon the murder of Peter III of Russia.
- 1771 - Massacre at Bloody Falls: Chipewyan chief Matonabbee traveling as the guide to Samuel Hearne on his arctic overland journey, massacre a group of unsuspecting Inuit.
- 1791 - Massacre at the Champ de Mars, Paris, during the French Revolution. 1200-1500 people were killed, including women and children.
- 1815 - Napoleonic Wars: In France, Napoleon surrenders at Rochefort, Charente-Maritime to British forces.
- 1867 - In Boston, Massachusetts, USA, the Harvard School of Dental Medicine is established as the first dental school in the United States.
- 1897 - Klondike gold rush begins when first successful prospectors arrive in Seattle, Washington, USA.
- 1898 - Spanish-American War: Battle of Santiago Bay - Troops under United States General William R. Shafter take the city of Santiago de Cuba from the Spanish.
- 1917 - King George V of the United Kingdom issues a Proclamation stating that the male line descendants of the British royal family will bear the surname Windsor.
- 1936 - Spanish Civil War: A conservative rebellion against the recently-elected leftist Popular Front government of Spain starts the Spanish civil war.
- 1944 - Port Chicago disaster: Near the San Francisco Bay, two ships laden with ammunition for the war explode in Port Chicago, California killing 232.
- 1944 - World War II: The largest convoy of the war embarks from Halifax, Nova Scotia under Royal Canadian Navy protection.
- 1945 - World War II: Potsdam Conference - At Potsdam, the three main Allied leaders begin their final summit of the war. The meeting will end on August 2.
- 1955 - Disneyland opens in Anaheim, California.
- 1962 - Nuclear testing: The "Small Boy" test shot Little Feller I becomes the last atmospheric test detonation at the Nevada Test Site.
- 1975 - Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: An American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft dock with each other in orbit marking the first such link-up between spacecraft from the two nations.
- 1979 - Nicaraguan president General Anastasio Somoza Debayle resigns and flees to Miami.
- 1981 - Hyatt Hotel disaster: Two skywalks filled with people at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Kansas City, Missouri collapse into a crowded atrium lobby killing 114.
- 1984 - Laurent Fabius becomes Prime Minister of France
- 1995 - The Midwestern heat wave in the United States reaches its peak. Chicago, Illinois and Milwaukee, Wisconsin, among other cities, set all-time high temperature records. The heat claims over 400 lives on this day alone.
- 1995 - The Nasdaq stock index closes above the 1,000 mark for the first time.
- 1996 - Off the coast of Long Island, New York, a Paris-bound Boeing 747 carrying TWA flight 800 explodes killing all 230 on board.
- 1997 - The F.W. Woolworth Company closes after 117 years in business.
- 1998 - In St. Petersburg, Nicholas II of Russia and his family are buried in St. Catherine Chapel 80 years after he and his family were killed by Bolsheviks.
- 1998 - A tsunami triggered by an undersea earthquake destroys 10 villages in Papua New Guinea killing an estimated 1,500, leaving 2,000 more unaccounted for and thousands more homeless.
- 1998 - Biologists report in the journal Science how they sequenced the genome of the bacterium that causes syphilis, Treponema pallidum.
Births - 1674 - Isaac Watts, English hymnwriter (d. 1748)
- 1787 - Friedrich Krupp, industrialist (d. 1826), see Krupp
- 1877 - Ernst von Dohnanyi, Hungarian conductor (d. 1960)
- 1888 - Shmuel Yosef Agnon, Israeli writer (d. 1970)
- 1899 - James Cagney, actor (d. 1986)
- 1899 - Erle Stanley Gardner, author (d. 1970)
- 1901 - Bruno Jasieński, Polish poet (d. 1938)
- 1912 - Art Linkletter, television host
- 1917 - Phyllis Diller, comedienne
- 1917 - Margarete Mitscherlich, physician
- 1920 - Juan Antonio Samaranch, chairman of the International Olympic Committee
- 1920 - Kenneth Wolstenholme, sports commentator (d. 2002)
- 1928 - Vince Guaraldi, musician, composer (d. 1976)
- 1935 - Diahann Carroll, singer
- 1935 - Donald Sutherland, actor
- 1938 - Franz Alt, journalist
- 1939 - Maria Ilva Biolcati, known as Milva, singer
- 1941 - Spencer Davis
- 1941 - Jrgen Flimm, theatre director and manager
- 1942 - Tim Brooke-Taylor, comedian
- 1947 - Camilla Parker Bowles, British royal mistress
- 1948 - Luc Bondy, film and theatre director
- 1949 - Charlie Steiner, sports anchor
- 1952 - David Hasselhoff, actor, musician
- 1954 - J. Michael Straczynski, science fiction author
- 1956 - Peter D'Adamo, physician, author
- 1960 - Mark Burnett, reality TV producer
- 1963 - Matti Nyknen, Finnish ski jumper
- 1971 - Cory Doctorow, author, activist
- 1973 - Eric Moulds, American football player
- 1975 - Konnie Huq, television presenter
Deaths - 1070 - Baldwin VI, Count of Flanders (b. 1030)
- 1790 - Adam Smith, Scottish economist
- 1793 - Charlotte Corday, French aristocrat
- 1918 - Tsar Nicholas II of Russia (Gregorian calendar date)
- 1918 - Grand Duchess Olga of Russia
- 1918 - Grand Duchess Tatiana of Russia
- 1918 - Tsarevich Alexei of Russia
- 1918 - Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia
- 1918 - Tsarina Alexandra of Russia
- 1918 - Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia
- 1959 - Billie Holiday, singer
- 1959 - Eugene Meyer, American businessman and newspaper publisher (The Washington Post) (b. 1875)
- 1961 - Ty Cobb, Baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1886)
- 1967 - John Coltrane, jazz musician
- 1975 - Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, Georgian writer and public benefactor
- 1980 - Boris Delaunay, Soviet/Russian mathematician (b. 1890)
- 1995 - Juan Manuel Fangio, Argentinian race car driver (b. 1911)
- 2001 - Katharine Graham, Washington Post publisher (b. 1917)
- 2003 - Hans Abich, German tv producer
- 2003 - Antje, walrus, long-time mascot of German tv station NDR
- 2003 - Rosalyn Tureck, American pianist and harpsichordist
- 2003 - Dr. David Kelly, UN weapons inspector
- 2004 - Pat Roach, wrestler and actor
Holidays and observances External links
July 16 - July 18 - June 16 - August 18 -- listing of all days
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