Johnniac
The
JOHNNIAC
or
''John
(v.
N
eumann)
I
ntegrator and
A
utomatic
C
omputer'', an early computer built by
RAND
, was based on the
Institute for Advanced Study
(IAS) architecture developed by
John von Neumann
and named in his honor. As with all computers of its era, it was a one of a kind machine that could not exchange programs with other computers (even other
IAS machines
). JOHNNIAC operated from
1953
until
February 11
,
1966
, logging over 50,000 operational hours. After two "rescues" from the scrap heap, the machine currently resides at the
Computer History Museum
in
Mountain View, California
. One JOHNNIAC legacy was the
JOSS
programming language
(the
''J
OHNNIAC
O
pen
S
hop
S
ystem''), an easy-to-use language which catered to novices. JOSS was an ancestor of
DEC
's
FOCAL
and of
MUMPS
.
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