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Institute For Social ResearchThe Institute for Social Research (German: Institut fr Sozialforschung) is a research organization covering topics such as sociology and continental philosophy, best known as the institutional home of the Frankfurt School. The Institute was founded in Frankfurt am Main in 1923, where it was (and as of 2005 once again is) affiliated with the University of Frankfurt am Main. It was founded by Felix Weil, a student of the Marxian philosopher Karl Korsch, with an endowment provided by Weil's wealthy father. Its first director, Kurt Albert Gerlach, died before making his mark, and was swiftly followed by Carl Grnberg, a Marxist historian who gathered together fellow "orthodox" Marxists at the Institute, including his former pupil Henryk Grossmann. Following a non-fatal heart attack, Grnberg was succeeded in 1930 by Max Horkheimer. Horkheimer rapidly became the guiding spirit of the Frankfurt School, a group of thinkers that was born under his directorship at the Institut. Horkheimer edited the group's journal Zeitschrift fr Sozialforschung (Journal for Social Research) and wrote essays defining a critical theory of society. In 1933, after the rise of Hitler, the Institute left Germany for Geneva and then in 1935 moved to New York City. In New York it became affiliated with Columbia University, and its journal Zeitschrift fr Sozialforschung was renamed Studies in Philosophy and Social Science. It was here that much of the important work of the Frankfurt School thinkers began to emerge, and the Institute's residence in New York was likely partly accountable for its work's favorable reception in American and English academia. The Institute re-opened in Frankfurt in the 1950s. The Institute has been both a research enterprise and, during its Frankfurt periods, a provider of instruction in sociology at the university there. Weblinks
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