Iso 646

ISO 646 is an ISO standard that specifies a 7 bit character code from which several national standards are derived, the best known of which is ASCII. Since the portion of ISO 646 shared by all countries specified only the letters used in the English alphabet, other countries using the Latin alphabet with extensions needed to create national variants of ISO 646 to be able to use their native languages. Since universal acceptance of the 8 bit byte did not exist at that time, the national characters had to be made fit within the constraints of 7 bits, meaning that some characters that appear in ASCII do not appear in other national variants of ISO 646. Some national variants of ISO 646 are:
ational standard Country
A CSA Z243.4 Canada
N GB/T 1988 People's Republic of China
E DIN 66003 Germany
K DS 2089 Denmark
B BS 4730 Great Britain
U MSZ 7795.3 Hungary
P JIS X0201 Japan
T   Malta
O NS 4551-1 Norway
E SEN 850200_B Sweden
S ANSI X3.4 United States
U JUS I.B1.002 former Yugoslavia
The specifics of the changes for some of these variants are given in this table:
ecimal Hex ASCII DE DK/NO GB HU JP MT SE YU
010 0011 align="center"|35 align="center"|23 align="center"|# align="center"|# align="center"|# align="center"|£ align="center"|# align="center"|# align="center"|# align="center"|# align="center"|#
010 0100 align="center"|36 align="center"|24 align="center"|$ align="center"|$ align="center"|$ align="center"|$ align="center"| align="center"|$ align="center"|$ align="center"| align="center"|$
100 0000 align="center"|64 align="center"|40 align="center"|@ align="center"| align="center"|@ align="center"|@ align="center"| align="center"|@ align="center"|@ align="center"|@ align="center"|Ž
101 1011 align="center"|91 align="center"|5B align="center"|[ align="center"| align="center"| align="center"|[ align="center"| align="center"|[ align="center"|ġ align="center"| align="center"|Š
101 1100 align="center"|92 align="center"|5C align="center"|\ align="center"| align="center"| align="center"|\ align="center"| align="center"|¥ align="center"|ż align="center"| align="center"|Đ
101 1101 align="center"|93 align="center"|5D align="center"|] align="center"| align="center"| align="center"|] align="center"| align="center"|] align="center"|ħ align="center"| align="center"|Ć
101 1110 align="center"|94 align="center"|5E align="center"|^ align="center"|^ align="center"|^ align="center"|^ align="center"|^ align="center"|^ align="center"|^ align="center"|^ align="center"|Č
110 0000 align="center"|96 align="center"|60 align="center"|` align="center"|` align="center"|` align="center"|` align="center"| align="center"|` align="center"|ċ align="center"|` align="center"|ž
111 1011 align="center"|123 align="center"|7B align="center"|{ align="center"| align="center"| align="center"|{ align="center"| align="center"|{ align="center"|Ġ align="center"| align="center"|š
111 1100 align="center"|124 align="center"|7C align="center"|| align="center"| align="center"| align="center"|| align="center"| align="center"|| align="center"|Ż align="center"| align="center"|đ
111 1101 align="center"|125 align="center"|7D align="center"|} align="center"| align="center"| align="center"|} align="center"| align="center"|} align="center"|Ħ align="center"| align="center"|ć
111 1110 align="center"|126 align="center"|7E align="center"|~ align="center"| align="center"|~ align="center"|~ align="center"|˝ align="center"|‾ align="center"|Ċ align="center"|~ align="center"|č
Later, when 8 bit characters sets gained more acceptance, ISO 8859-1, ISO 8859-2, and ISO 8859-3 became the preferred method of coding these variants.

Variants of ASCII that are not ISO 646

There are also some 7-bit character sets that are not officially part of the ISO 646 standard. Examples include:
  • 7-bit Greek, ELOT 927. The Greek alphabet is mapped to positions 0x61-0x71 and 0x73-0x79, on top of the Latin lowercase letters. This mapping with the high bit set is ISO 8859-7.
  • 7-bit Cyrillic, KOI-7 or Short KOI. The Cyrillic characters are mapped to positions 0x60-0x7E, on top of the Latin lowercase letters. Superseded by the KOI-8 variants.
  • 7-bit Hebrew, SI 960. The Hebrew alphabet is mapped to positions 0x60-0x7A, on top of the lowercase Latin letters (and grave accent for aleph). This mapping with the high bit set, i.e. with the Hebrew letters in 0xE0-0xFA, is ISO 8859-8.
  • 7-bit Arabic, ASMO 449. The Arabic alphabet is mapped to positions 0x41-0x5A and 0x60-0x6A, on top of both uppercase and lowercase Latin letters. This mapping with the high bit set is ISO 8859-6.

External links

  1. 00646

 

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