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Hua Guofeng Hua Guofeng (; born 1921) was Mao Zedong's designated successor as leader of the Communist Party of China and the People's Republic of China. Upon Zhou Enlai's death in 1976, he succeeded as Premier of the People's Republic of China. Months later, Mao died, leaving Hua Chairman of the Communist Party of China, to the surprise and dismay of Jiang Qing and the rest of the Gang of Four. He ousted the Gang of Four from political power, but was himself outmaneuvered a couple years later by Deng Xiaoping, who forced Hua into early retirement. Born in Jiaocheng (交城县), a county beside a mountain in Shanxi province, Hua joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1938 as a part of counter-Japanese resistance. During the mid-1940's he became propaganda chief for the county Party committee. Hua was elected to the Politburo in 1973 and was minister of public security in 1975. He became acting Premier of the People's Republic of China following Zhou Enlai's death, in January 1976, full Premier and party vice chairman in April 1976, and Chairman of the Communist Party of China when Mao died, in September 1976 (although this was not announced to the world until October 12). During his relatively short leadership, Hua was credited for quickly ousting the Gang of Four from political power and thus became the leader whose emergence marked the official end to the Cultural Revolution. As Deng Xiaoping gradually regained control over the CPC, Hua was denounced for promoting the two whatevers and replaced by Zhao Ziyang as Premier in 1980, and by Hu Yaobang as Party Chairman in 1981. Both Zhao and Hu were protgs of Deng who were dedicated to Chinese economic reform. Hua Guofeng was demoted to junior Vice Chairman, and when this post was abolished in 1982 he remained as an ordinary member of the Central Committee, a position which he held until the 16th Party Congress of November 2002 despite having passed the designated retirement age of seventy. It was reported that Hua Guofeng quit the Chinese Communist Party in October 2001 for "health reasons". But the report is not confirmed by the Communist Party. See also: Politics of China Hua Hua
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