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Helmstedt (District)Helmstedt is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the district of Wolfenbttel, the city of Braunschweig, the district of Gifhorn, the city of Wolfsburg and the state of Saxony-Anhalt (districts of Ohrekreis, Brdekreis and Halberstadt). History In the Elm limestone was mined in medieval times; limestone from the region was used for the tomb of Henry the Lion as well as for the imperial cathedral of Knigslutter. In the Middle Ages Knigslutter was among the most wealthy cities of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1576 the university of Helmstedt was founded, which was the largest university of protestant Germany. The Duchy of Brunswick (deriving from Brunswick-Lneburg) created administrative districts in 1833; the District of Helmstedt was one of those districts. It was subdivided into the mter of Calvrde, Knigslutter, Helmstedt, Schningen, and Vorsfelde. In 1944, the Amt of Calvrde, which formed an exclave, was moved to the District of Haldensleben, Province of Saxony. During the administrative reforms of the 1970s, northern areas of the district were moved to the District of Gifhorn and to the City of Wolfsburg; the district gained areas in the west from the District of Gifhorn and the District of Brunswick (see List of territorial changes to the District of Helmstedt). During the 20th century, the area between Helmstedt and Schningen was used for coal mining by the Braunschweigische Kohlebergwerke AG. Several villages (Alversdorf, Bddenstedt and Runstedt) were destroyed by surface mining; their inhabitants moved to Helmstedt and to the newly built village of Neu Bddenstedt. Geography The district is bounded by the Elm (a hill chain) in the west and the Lappwald (a riparian forest) in the east. Large parts of the district are part of the Elm-Lappwald Nature Park. Coat of arms | Coat of arms | |In the upper part the heraldical horse of Lower Saxony is displayed. In the bottom there are symbols for mining and agriculture. | Towns and municipalities External links
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