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Guardian (Us)The Guardian was a radical independent weekly newspaper published between 1948 and 1992 in New York City. The paper was founded by James Aronson, Dedrick Belfrage and John McManus. National Guardian Supporters of the Progressive Party presidential campaign of Henry Wallace founded the paper as the National Guardian to circumvent the increasingly pro-Cold War mainstream press. At the outset, the National Guardian formed part of a vibrant leftist movement in New York, along with the evening newspaper PM and the labor left in the CIO District Council 65. It published early campaign reporting by Norman Mailer. The paper continued after the campaign as a locus of support for the New Deal and the New York American Labor Party (ALP). When other papers on the left would not or could not publish news about Julius or Ethel Rosenberg, the National Guardian closely followed the case. The reportage was so important to the defence that Aronson was named guardian to the Rosenberg's children. After the dissolution of the ALP, the National Guardian supported the 1956 Independent-Socialist campaign of John McManus for NY Governor. The new initiative's vote fell to 35,000 from the ALP's 1950 vote of 208,000 and the left lost its ballot line. The paper remained outside particular party organizations, while continuing to advovocate a unified leftist party in the United States. In the 1960s the paper became known for its independent and investigative journalism. Joanne Grant wrote groundbreaking articles on the Civil Rights Movement. Mark Lane wrote a critical account of the John F. Kennedy assassination in a special issue of the Guardian which appeared on December 13, 1963. The Name Change and the New Left The paper changed with the times, but not without internal conflict. As the sixies progressed, the Aronson and the Old Left leadership disagreed with a more radical staff about the direction of the paper. In 1968, Aronson sold his shares to the staff the National Guardian became a New Left publication, shortening its name to Guardian in the process. In the 1970's the Guardian was influential in the New Communist Movement. The paper editorially called for a new Marxist Leninist party in the US. It never aligned with any particular group and remained critical of the small New Left party organizations. At the same time, it opened its pages to opposing viewpoints and continued a tradition of investigative journalism. In the early 1980's the paper established Guardian Clubs for readers and discussed forming a new political party. The plan was abandoned as unlikely to result in unification of the US Left. The Guardian ceased publication in 1992 after years of financial difficulties and declining circulation. See Also External Links Guardian Publications Related Links Further Reading - Black Protest: 350 Years of History, Documents, and Analyses by Joanne Grant Ballantine Books; 2nd edition (September 29, 1996). ISBN 044991223X.
- National Guardian/Guardian by Dan Georgakas in Encyclopedia of the American Left pp 529-532 Oxford University Press Second Edition 1998. ISBN 0-19-512088-4.
- Revolution in the Air: Sixties Radicals turn to Lenin, Mao and Che by Max Elbaum 320 pages Publisher: Verso (June, 2002) ISBN 1859846173.
- Something to Guard: The Stormy Life of the National Guardian, 1948 - 1967 by James Aronson and Cedrick Belfrage. 362 pages. Columbia University Press. 1978. ISBN 0231045107.
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