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Geography Of SpainLocation: Southwestern Europe, bordering the Bay of Biscay, Mediterranean Sea, North Atlantic Ocean, and Pyrenees Mountains; southwest of France and east of Portugal Geographic coordinates: Map references: Area:
total: 504,782 km
land: 499,542 km
water: 5,240 km
note: includes Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, and five places of sovereignty (plazas de soberana) on and off the coast of Morocco - Ceuta, Melilla, Islas Chafarinas, Pen de Alhucemas, and Pen de Vlez de la Gomera Land boundaries:
total: 1,917.8 km
border countries: Andorra 63.7 km, France 623 km, Gibraltar 1.2 km, Portugal 1,214 km, Morocco (Ceuta) 6.3 km, Morocco (Melilla) 9.6 km Coastline: 4,964 km Maritime claims:
contiguous zone: 24 nautical miles
exclusive economic zone: 200 nautical miles (applies only to the Atlantic Ocean)
territorial sea: 12 nautical miles Climate: temperate; clear, hot summers in interior, more moderate and cloudy along coast; cloudy, cold winters in interior, partly cloudy and cool along coast Terrain: large, flat to dissected plateau surrounded by rugged hills; Pyrenees in northv Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Pico del Teide (Tenerife) in the Canary Islands 3,718 m
Note. Highest mountain in continental Spain is Mulhacn, in Granada, Andaluca, at 3,481 m Natural resources: coal, lignite, iron ore, uranium, mercury, pyrites, fluorspar, gypsum, zinc, lead, tungsten, copper, kaolin, potash, hydropower, arable land Land use:
arable land: 30%
permanent crops: 9%
permanent pastures: 21%
forests and woodland: 32%
other: 8% (1993 est.) Irrigated land: 34,530 km (1993 est.) Natural hazards: periodic droughts Environment - current issues: pollution of the Mediterranean Sea from raw sewage and effluents from the offshore production of oil and gas; water quality and quantity nationwide; air pollution; deforestation; desertification Environment - international agreements:
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification Geography - note: strategic location along approaches to Strait of Gibraltar Biggest cities - Madrid 3.092.759
- Barcelona 1.582.738
- Valencia 780.653
- Sevilla 709.975
- Zaragoza 626.081
- Malaga 547.105
- Murcia 391.146
- Las Palmas of Great Canary 377.600
- Palma of Majorca 367.277
- Bilbao 353.567
- Valladolid 321.143
- Cordoba 318.628
- Alicante 305.911
- Vigo 292.566
- Gijn 270.875
- Hospitalet de Llobregat 246.415
- La Corua 243.902
- Granada 237.663
- Vitoria 223.257
- Santa Cruz de Tenerife 220.022
- Badalona 214.440
- Oviedo 207.699
- Elche 207.163
- Mostoles 201.789
Biggest metropolitan areas See Also Spain External links IberianatureA guide to the environment, geography, climate, wildlife, natural history and landscape of Spain
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