environmentally sensitive area

An Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) is a type of designation for an agricultural area which needs special protection because of its landscape, wildlife or historical value. The scheme was introduced in 1987 and is administered by the Rural Development Service for the United Kingdom Governments Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. Farmers enter into a 10-year contract with the government and receive an annual payment for the area that is part of the scheme. Farmers are expected to adopt environmentally friendly agricultural practices. There are 22 ESAs in England:

Avon Valley
Blackdown Hills
Breckland
Broads
Clun
Cotswold Hills
Dartmoor
Essex Coast
Exmoor
Lake District
North Kent Marshes
North Peak
Pennine Dales
Shropshire Hills
Somerset Levels and Moors
South Downs
South Wessex Downs
South West Peak
Suffolk River Valleys
Test Valley
Upper Thames Tributaries
West Penwith

The Environmentally Senitive Areas Scheme will be superseded in 2005 by the Environmental Stewardship scheme.

See also:

Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB)
Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI)
Special Area of Conservation (SAC)
Special Protection Area (SPA)

*Nitrate Sensitive Area (NSA)

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