elision

Other Definitions
elision (dict)

In music, see elision (music).

An elision is the omission of some soundeither a vowel or a consonant, or a syllable in a word or phraseproducing a more easily spoken result. It may be deliberate or accidental, the latter often caused by the speaker being unfamiliar with the sounds. The sound may be slurred or muted. Elision from a few syllables often happens by the illiterate. Even though writing or typing does not reflect the same effort lost, the word or phrase may be spelt the same as it's spoken for poetics, slang, or comedy. In some instances, the omitted letters are replaced by an apostrophe and form a contraction. An elision is mainly done for ease but is short of an abbreviation or acronym: the former done for room and not a full word, and the latter done for ease and room but is a name rather than a word. An elision is also short of dropping whole words, as in saying "123" as "one two three" or "hundred twenty-three" rather than "one hundred and twenty-three". The shortening and blending of two or more words into one is called a portmanteau, and may be thought of as a planned elision. Elision can occur on both the orthographic and the phonetic level.

Arabic

dinarion (L. G.): "دينار"; "dEnR"

tensome

Ebonics

neighbo urhood: "'hood"; "hd"
-ing: "-in'"
-er, -or, -our: "-a"
-ther: "-tha"; "Ta"
-ter: "-ta"
-th-: "-t-", "-d-"
-th: "-f"
(Lettername): "Letter", "Letter'"
birthday: "birfday", "berfday"; "brfdA"
homeboy, homegirl: "homey", "homie"; "hOmE"
people: "peeps"; "pEpsh"
cousin: "cuz'"; "cuzh"
does: "do"; "dU"
cool: "kew'"; "cEUw"
fool: "foo'"; "fU"
whore: "ho'"; "hO"
with: "wit'"
you: "ya"
for: "fo'"; "fO"
your: "yo'"; "yO"
afro: "'fro"; "frO"
poor: "po'"; "pO"
more: "mo'"; "mO"
sure: "sho'"; "SO"
alright: "aight"; "Iit", "It"
what's up: "whassup", "wuzzup", "'sup"; "wussup", "wuzzup"
chill, relax: "chillax"; "Jillcs"
motherfucker: "mofo"; "mOfO"
disrespect: "dis", "diss"
yes ma'am: "yessim", "yes'm"

English

it is, it was, it has: "it's"; "itzh", "itz"

it is: "'tis"; "tizh", "tiz"
it was: "'twas"; "twuz", "twaz", "twuzh", "twazh"

about: "'bout"; "buOwt", "baOwt"
around: "'round"; "raUndh", "raUnd", "ruUndh", "ruUnd"
another: "'nother"; "nuTr"
along: "'long"; "long", "longh"
because: "'cause", "'cuz"; "cuzz", "cuzh", "cuz"
between: "'tween"; "twEn"
betwixt: "'twixt"; "twicsth", "twicst"
cartoon (It. Fr. E.): "'toon"; "tUn"
robot (Cz.): "bot"
raccoon (Alg.): "racoon", "coon"; "rcUn", "cUn"
opossum (Alg.): "possum"
potato (Tai. Sp.): "tater"; "tAtr"
jinrikisha (C. J.): "ricksha", "rickshaw"; "ricSo"
-er-, -ir-, -ar-: "-er-", "-ir-", "-ar-"; "-r-", "-a-", "-e-", "--"
kn-, cn-: "n-"
wh-, hw-: "w-"
wr-: "r-"
-dg-: "-dg-"; "-jh-"
gn- (No. E.): "n-"
y-, i-: "-"
them: "'em"
him: "'im"
her: "'er"; "r"
hour (L. Fr. E.): "hour"; "our", "owr"
herb (L. Fr. E.): "herb"; "rb", "rbh", "erb"
hono ur (L. Fr. E.): "honour"; "onr"
honest (L. Fr. E.): "honest"; "onesth", "onest"
escalope (Ger. Fr.): "escallop", "scallop", "scollop"; "iscallop", "iscallep", "scallop", "scallep"
ps- (G. Fr.): "ps-"; "s-"
pn- (G. Fr.): "pn-"; "n-"
mn- (G. L. Fr.): "m-", "mn-"; "m-", "n-"
pt- (G. L.): "pt-"; "t-"
x- (G. L.): "x-"; "z-"
Pfefferminz (Ger.): "pfefferminz", "peppermint" (PEZ); "pepprminth", "pepprmint", "feffrminz"
pfeffernusse (Ger. E.): "pfeffernusse"; "feffrnUsh", "feffrnUss"
Pfeiffer (Ger.): "Pfeiffer"; "fIffr"
omnibus (L. Fr.): "bus": "bus", "bush"
hamburger (Ger.) "burger"; "brgr"
zero (A. L. It. Fr. E.): "o", "oh": "O"
telephone (G. Fr.): "phone"; "fOn"
helicopter (G. Fr. E.): "chopper", "copter"; "Coppr", "coptr"
computer (L.): "'puter"; "pEUtr"
chrysanthemum (G. L.): "mum"
pizza (It.): "'za"; "za", "zu"
parent (L. Fr. E.): "rent"; "renth"
Hispanic (L.): "spic", "spick", "spig"; "spic", "spich", "spig"
Boudicca (Bry.): "dyke"; "dIch"
two: "two"; "tU"
you are, you were: "you're"; "yuUr"
it should, it could, it would, it had, it did: "it'd"
it will, it shall: "it'll"
cannot: "can't"; "canth", "cnth", "cant", "cnt"
Wednesday: "Wensday"; "WensdA", "WenzdA", "WenzdE"
business: "business"; "biznes", "biznesh"
answer: "answer"; "ansr", "nsr"
-en: "-n", "'n"
-ally (L. E.): "-ally"; "-lE"
-le: "-le"; "-l"
-stl-: "-stl-"; "-sl-"
listen: "listen"; "lissn", "lissen", "lisn"
aisle (L. Fr. E.): "aisle"; "Ill"
island (L. Fr. E.): "island"; "Iland", "Ilend"
isle (L. Fr. E.): "isle"; "Ill"
muscle (L. Fr. E.): "muscle"; "musl"
indict (L. Fr. E.): "indict"; "indIt"
victual (L. Fr. E.): "vittle"; "vittl"
madam (Fr. E.): "ma'am"; "ma'am", "mm"
rendezvous (L. Fr.): "rendezvous"; "rondAvU"
sword: "sword"; "sOrd"
good day: "g'day"; "g'dA"
got to: "gotta"; "gata", "gatu", "gota", "gotu"
want to: "wanna"; "wana", "wona", "wanu", "wonu"
don't know: "dunno"; "dunnO"
don't you: "doncha", "donchya"; "dOnCa", "dOnCya"
going to: "gonna"; "gonna", "gunnu"
have to: "hafta"; "hfta"
do you: "d'you"; "dyU"
library (L. Fr. E.): "library"; "lIbrE"
history (L. Fr. E.): "history"; "histrE"
police (L. E.): "police"; "plEsh"
cupboard: "cupboard"; "cubrd"
postman: "postman"; "pOsman"
clapboard: "clapboard"; "clbrd"
Campbell (Ga.): "Campbell"; "cmbel"
yoghurt (Tur. L.): "yogurt"; "yOgrt"
sukoshi (J.): "skosh"; "scOSh"
McDonald's: "Mickey D's", "Mickey D"; "micEdEs", "micEdE"
Christmas: "Christmas"; "crismes"
Tucson: "Tucson"; "tUson"
Connecticut (Alg. E.): "Connecticut"; "conneticut"
Birmingham: "B'ham"; "b'ham", "bham", "b'am"
Worcester: "Worcester"; "wUstr", "wUsta"
Gloucester: "Gloucester"; "glostr", "glosta"
Leicester: "Leicester"; "lestr", "lesta"
Illinois: "Illinois"; "illinOy"
Arkansas: "Arkansas"; "Rcanso"
Mackinac: "Mackinac", "Mackinaw"; "mcino"
Featherstonehaugh: "Featherstonehaugh"; "fnSo"
sandwich: "sammich" (baby talk); "smiCh", "smmiCh", "samiCh", "sammiCh"
basketball, baseball: "B-ball", "B'ball"; "bEbol", "b'bol"
San Francisco (L. Sp.): "Frisco"; "friscO" (Though native San Franciscans tend to resent this.)
Massachusetts (Alg.): "Mass"; "mss"
Cohasset: "Cohasset"; "cwasset"
-shire: "-shire"; "-Sr"
-wich: "-wich"; "-iJh"
-ham: "-ham"; "-am"
-mouth: "-mouth"; "-muT"
do on: "don"
shall not: "shan't", "sha'n't"; "Sant", "Santh"
you all: "y'all"; "yol", "yool"
viscount (Fr. E.): "viscount"; "vIcuUwnt", "vIcuUwnth", "vIcuUnt"
two pence: "tuppence"; "tuppensh"
halfpenny: "ha'penny", "hapenny"; "hApennE"
perambulator (L.): "pram"; "prm"
snow surfing: "snurfing"; "snrfing"
spoon fork (E. L. Fr. E.): "spork"; "spOrch"
smoke fog: "smog"; "smog", "smogh"
brown-green: "breen"; "brEn" (joke)
asterisk (G. L. E.): "asterick", "asterik", "asteric"; "stric"
boatswain: "bosun", "bos'n", "bo's'n"; "bOsen"
I pray thee: "prithee"; "priTE"
over: "o'er", "ov'r"; "O'r", "Ovr"
-eigh-: "-eigh-"; "-A-"
yeah: "ya"; "y"
-ar-: "-ar-"; "-a-"
-d-, -t-: "-d-", "-t-"; "--"
-ft-: "-ft-"; "-f-", "-ff-"
-ed: "-d", "'d"
-gm (G. L. Fr.): "-gm"; "-m"
you: "ya"; "yu", "ya"
my (word): "m'-"
the (word): "th'-"; "T'-"
-*: "-*", "-y"; "-E"
-ing: "-in'", "-ing"; "-in", "-"
-ight: "-ite"; "It"
next: "next"; "necs"
receipt (L. Fr. E.): "receipt"; "risEt"
-gn- (L. Fr. E.): "-gn-"; "-n-"
-al-, -aw-: "-al-", "-aw-"; "-o-"
awe: "awe"; "o"
-(vowely): "-(vowely)"; "-(Vowel[])"
have: "-a", "of"; "u", "a", avh", "ovh"
(adverbly): "(adverb[])"
-let (L. Fr.): "-let"; "-lA"
-mn- (G. L. Fr. E.): "-mn"; "-m"
-ol-: "-ol-"; "-O-"
-ol-, -al- (L. Fr.): "-ol-", "-al-"; "-O-"
-mb: "-mb"; "-m"
-ia, -ium (G. L.): "-y"; "-E"
-atique (G. L. Fr.); "-atic"; "-atic", "-tic"
-uvowel- (L. Ger. Fr. E.): "-uvowel-"; "-vowel-"
high: "hi"; "hI"
low: "lo"; "lO"
of: "o'"; "O"
caravan (Per. It. Fr. E.), vanguard (L. Fr. E.): "van"; "vn"
carre (L. Fr. E.): "car"; "cR"
doctor (L.): "doc"
technology (G. Fr. E.): "tech"
technician (G. Fr. E.): "techie"; "techE"
quotation (L. Fr. E.): "quote"; "cwOt"
gymnasium (G. L.): "gym"; "jim"
teacher: "teach"; "tECh"
discotheque (L. Fr. E.): "disco"; "discO"
advertisement (L. Fr. E.): "ad", "advert"; "d", "dvrt"
application (L. Fr.): "app"; "ph"
bicycle (G. Fr. E.): "bike"; "bIch"
tricycle (G. Fr. E.): "trike"; "trIch"
refrigerator (L.): "fridge"; "fridjh"
handkerchief: "hanky", "hankie", "hankey"; "hngcE"
cocaine, Coca-Cola: "coke", "Coke"; "cOch"
vegetable (L. Fr. E.): "veggie", "veg"; "vejjE", "vej"
photograph (G.): "photo"; "fOtO"
facsimile (L.): "fax"; "fcs"
Macintosh, macintosh (Sco.): "Mac", "mack"; "mc", "mch"
demonstration, demolition (L. Fr. E.): "demo"; "demO"
television (G. L.): "telly"; "tellE"
taximeter cab (Gr. L. Ger. Fr. E.): "taxicab" (portmanteau), "taxi"; "tcsEcb", "tcsE"
blanket (Ger. Fr. E.): "blankie"; "blncE" (baby talk)
kilogram (G. L. Fr. E.): "kilo"; "cElO"
psychopath (G. L. E.): "psycho"; "sIcO"
introduction (L. Fr.): "intro"; "intrO"
magazine (Ara. A. It. Fr. E.), magnum (L.): "mag"; "mg"
champion (L. Fr.): "champ"; "Cmph"
president (L. Fr. E.): "pres", "prez"; "prezh"
governor (L. Fr. E.): "governor", "gov", "guv"; "govrnr", "guvrnr", "gov", "guv"
permanent (L. Fr.): "perm"; "prm"
propellor, property (L. Fr. E.): "prop"
California (A. L. Sp.): "Cal", "Cali"; "cl", "clE"
wizard: "wiz", "whiz", "whizz"
mother: "ma", "maw"; "ma", "mo"
father: "pa", "paw"; "pa", "po"
brother: "bro"; "brO"
sister: "sis"
buddy: "bud"
body: "bod"
grandmother: "granny", "grannie", "grandma", "gramma", "gran"; "grnnE", "grndma", "grmma", "grn"
grandfather: "gramps", "grampy", "grandpa", "gramp"; "grmps", "grmpE", "grndpa", "grmp"
submarine sandwich, submarine, substitute teacher, sublet (L. E.): "sub"
thousand: "thou"; "ThoU"
million (L. Fr. E.): "mil"
graduate, grade (L. E.) "grad"; "grd"
temporary worker, temperature (L. Fr. E.): "temp"
address (L. Fr. E.): "addy"; "ddE"
representative, reputation, repetition (L. Fr. E.): "rep"
popular (L. Fr. E.): "pop"
transformer (L. Fr. E.), transvestite (L. Ger.), transsexual (L.): "tranny", "trannie"; "trnnE"
carbohydrate (G. L. E.): "carb", "cRb"
sexus (L.): "sex"; "secs"; "secsh"
logarithm (G. L. Fr. E.): "log"; "log", "logh"
sinus (A. L.): "sine"; "sIn"
homosexual (G. L.): "homo"; "hOmO"
lesbian (G. L. E.): "lesbo", "lez"; "lezbO", "lezh"
bisexual (L. Fr. E.): "bi"; "bI"
second (L. Fr. E.): "sec"
ampere (L. Fr. E.): "amp"; "mp", "mph"
transmission (L. Fr.): "trans"; "trnsh"
signature (L. Fr.): "sig", "siggy", "siggie"; "sig", "siggE"
modern, module, modulus, modification (L. Fr. E.): "mod"
credit, credentials (L. It. Fr. E.): "cred"
federal (L. Fr. E.): "fed"
radical (L. Fr. E.): "rad"; "rd"
pudding: "pud"; "pud"
cigar (May. Sp. E.): "cig"; "cigh"
faggot (G. L. Pro. Fr. E.): "fag"; "fg"
cucumber (L. Fr. E.): "cuke"; "cyUch"
operator (L,): "op"
administrator (L. E.): "admin"; "dmin"
modulator demodulator (L.): "modem"; "mOdem"
coder decoder (L. Fr. E.): "codec"; "cOdec"
merchandise (L. Fr. E.): "merch"; "mrJh"
public house (L. Fr. E.): "pub"
optical art (G. L. Fr. E.): "op art"; "op Rt"
emotive, emotional (L. Fr. E.): "emo"; "EmO"
(verben): "(verb)"
(verbth): "(verb)"
whilst: "while"; "whIl"
amongst: "among"; "amung"
amidst: "amid"
(worde, u e): "(wordu)"
through: "thru"; "TrU"
-ough: "-o'"; "-O"
snow: "sno'"; "snO"
grow: "gro'"; "grO"
-ca-, -que-, -ck- (L. Fr. E.): "-c-"
pubes (L.): "pubes"; "pyUbs"
crappa (L.): "crap"; "crp", "crph"
sugar (S. Per. A. It. L. Fr. E.): "shug", "sug"; "Sg"
carbone (L. Fr.): "carbon"; "cRben"
delicious (L. Fr. E.): "delish"; "dEliSh"
underwear: "undies"; "undEs", "undEsh"
creature (L. Fr. E.): "critter"; "crittr"
chamois (L. Fr.): "shammy": "SmmE"
napkin (Fr. E.): "nappy"; "nppE"
fundamentalist (L. Fr. E.): "fundy"; "fundE"
coup (Fr.): "coup"; "cU"
corps (Fr.): "corps"; "cOr"
rapport (Fr.): "rapport"; "rppOr"
chez (Fr.): "chez"; "SA"
laissez-faire (Fr.): "laissez-faire"; "lAzsA-fAr"
marquise (Fr.): "marquise", "marquee"; "mRcE", "mRcEz"
denarius (L.): "denary"; "denRE"
keikl (H.): "kike"; "cIch"
Japanese (C. Mal. Por. L. It. E.) "jap"; "jp"
Chipangu (C. J. C. Mal. Por.) "Giapan", "Japan"; "jyapan", "japan", "japn"
Bartholomaios (Ara. G. L.): "Bartholomew", "Bart"; "bRTolomEw", "bRt"
Gabriyel (H. L. E.): "Gabriel", "Gabe"; "gAbrEel", "gAb"
Guinevere, Gwendolyn (Ga. W.): "Gwen", "gwen"
Lucanas (L.): "Lucas", "Luke"; "lUcas", "lUch"
Matthios (H. G.): "Matthew", "Matt"; "mTEw", "mt"
Miykael (H. L. E.): "Michael", "Mike", "Mikey", "Mickey", "Mick"; "mIchl", "mIch", "mIchE", "michE", "mich"
Montgomery (L. W.): "Monty"; "montE", "monthE"
Phillipos (G. L.): "Phillip", "Phil"; "fillip", "fil"
Raphael (H. G. L.): "Ralph"; "ralf"
Robert: "Rob", "Bert"; "rab", "brt"
Thomas (G. L.): "Tom"; "tom"
Timotheos (G. L.): "Timothy", "Tim"; "timoTE", "tim"
Tutankhamen (Egy. L. E.): "Tut"; "tut"
Yahuwdiyth (H..): "Judith", "Judy"; "jUdiT", "jUdE"
Yehowshuwa (H.): "Jehoshua", "Joshua", "Jesus", "jeez", "geez"; "jehOSUa", "joSUa", "jEsus", "jEz", "jEEz"
Yowsef (H.): "Joseph", "Joe"; "jOsef", "jO"
God be with ye|you: "good-bye"; "gd'bI"
How do you do?: "howdy"; "huwdE"
and: "'n", "'n'"; "en"
sweet: "twee"; "twE" (baby talk)
mosquito (L. Por. Sp.): "skeeter"; "skEtr"
umbrella (L. It.): "brolly"; "brollE"

French

(wordvowel) (vowelword): "(word[])'(vowelword)"; (wordvowel) = pronouns je, ce, le, la, me, te, se, tu, quoi, qui; articles le, la; adverbs ne, presque; adjective quelque; preposition/adjective de; conjunctions que, si, jusque, lorsque, puisque, quoi[ ]que

I, such, him, her, me, thee/you, it, thou/you, what, who/which; the (m.), the (f.); even/nay, nigh|nearly; some; from/of/some/some; that/than, if, -wards, whilst/when, since, although

(words, t, x, z, st, nt, ds): "(word[])"
-us, -um, -es, -em, -a, -ius (L.): "-e", "", "-s"; "-h", ""

-i-, -a-, -e-, -o-, -y-, -s, -long

aucun: "ocun", "okun"

none|no

-osus (L.): "-eux"; "-U"

-some

-ia, -ium (G. L.): "-ie"; "-E"

-ings, -ling

-aticum, -aticus (G. L.): "-age", "-atique", "-atge"; "-ajh", "-atEch", "-atjh"

-kind, -ly, -kindly

"-hvowel- (L.)"; "-vowel-"
yoghurt (Tur. L.): "yaourt"; "yaurt"

curd

sospeon (L. Fr.): "soupon"; "sUpsoN"

giveaway

-itas, -itat (L.): "-it", "-i"; "-itA", "-iA"

-ness, -hood, -dom, -red

-ensis (L.): "-ais"; "-A"

-ish

-os- (L. Ger. Fr.): "--"; "-O-"
-sl- (L.): "-sl-"; "-l-"
bien: "ben", "bin"

well

j'aime: "j'm"

I love

ce: "c"; "s"

such

que: "ke"; "ch"

qu'-: "k'-"; "c-"

that/than

-que (L. Fr.): "-c"; "-ch"

-c

-ais, -ait, -aient, -ez, est: "-"; "-A"
habere (L.): "avoir"; "avwR"

to have

rocca (L.): "roche"; "rOSh"

stone

persica (L.): "pche"; "peSh"

peach

recepta (L.): "recette"; "reseth"

token

-p- (L.): "--"; "--"
autumnus (L.): "automne"; "otun", "otunh"

yield

succarum (S. Per. A. It. L.): "sukere", "sucre"; "sUcer", "sUcr", "sUchr"

sugar, grit

caff (A. Tur. It.): "caf"; "cafA"

coffee

vegetabilis (L.): "vegetable"; "vejetabll"

enlivening

kilogram (G. L. Fr.): "kilo"; "cElO"

thouswrit

magazzino (Ara. A. It.): "magasin", "magazine"; "magazaN", "magazEn"

stock, stack

rfrigrateur (L. Fr.): "frigo"; "frEgO"

chillenship

sexus (L.) "sexe"; "secs", "secsh"

split

logarithmus (G. L.): "logarithme", "log"; "logRETm", "logRETmh", "log"

wordlot

garon (Ger. Fr.): "gars"; "ga"

lad

pdrast (G. Fr.): "pd"; "pAdA"

queer

Gaelic

Greek

(wordvowel) (vowelword): "(word[])'(vowelword)"; (wordvowel) = (polysyllabic pronoun, noun, sometimes-nondative verb, adverb, often conjunction, sometimes preposition, particleε, η, ι, ο, ω), (monosyllabic sameε)
-δ-, -τ-: "-δ-", "-τ-"; "--"
h-, -h (S., H.): "-"
Hinduš (S. Per.): "Ινδυς"; "EndUs"

Sind

ha-mazan (Ira.): "αμαζων"; "amazOn"

fighting as one

Lucanas (L.): "Λυκας"; "lUcas"
Yehowshuwa (H.): "Ιησους"; "EAsUsh"

Italian

-um, -us (L.): "-o"; "-O"

-i-, -a-, -e-, -o-, -y-

qahveh (A. Tur.): "caff"; "caffA"

coffee

zephirum (A. L.): "zero"; "zerO"

nought

gravicembalo col piano e forte (L. It.): "pianoforte", "piano"; "pEanOfOrtA", "pEanO"

heavibowl with flat and strong, harpsichord with hush and loud

Japanese

nzyet-pwun-cwuc (C.): "ni-pon-gu", "ni-hon-gu"

sunwhenceland, Japan

Elision is extremely common in the pronunciation of the Japanese language. Devoiced vowels are frequently left unspoken. However, unlike French or English, Japanese does not often show elision in writing. The process is purely phonetic, and varies considerably depending on the dialect or level of formality. A few examples (slightly exaggerated; apostrophes added to indicate elision),

"Matsushita-san wa imasu ka?"; "Matsush'ta-san wa imas' ka?"

Is Mr. Matsushita in?

"roku, shichi, hachi"; "rok', sh'ch', hach'"

six, seven, eight

"Shitsurei shimasu."; "Sh'ts'rei sh'mas'."

Forgive me for leaving.

In Japan, gender roles also influence one's elision. It is considered masculine to elide, especially over the terminal "u" sound, whereas women are traditionally encouraged to do the opposite. However, excessive elision is generally viewed as basilectic, and inadequate elision is seen as overly fussy or old-fashioned. Some nonstandard dialects, such as Satsuma-ben, are known for their extensive elision.

Latin

insula: "isula"; "Isula"

island

x- (G. L.): "x-"; "z-"
Gabriyel (H.): "Gabriel"; "gabrEel"
Yahuwdiyth (H.): "Judith"; "yEUdiT"
Yowsef (H.): "Joseph"; "yEOsef"

Malay

Chipangu (C. J. C.) "Japang"; "japang"

Portuguese

-aticum (G. L.): "-agem"; "-ajem"

-kind

Scottish

not (E.): "nae"; "nA"

Spanish

-us, -um, -es, -em (L.): "-o", "-e"; "-O", "-A"

-i-, -a-, -e-, -o-

"-hvowel- (L.)"; "-vowel-"
-ium (L.): "-io"; "-EO"

-ling

-aticum (G. L.): "-aje"; "-ahA"

-kind

autumnus (L.): "otoo"; "otonyO"

yield

-sed, -st (E.): "-s": "-s", "-"
El Pueblo de Nuestra Seora la Reina de los ngeles de Porcincula (L. It. Sp.): "El Pueblo de Neustra Seora", "Los Angeles"; "el pweblO dA nwestra sEnyOra", "lOs anhelAs"

The Town of Our Lady the Queen of the Heralds of Doling